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The Algerian constitutional amendment of 2016 officialised Berber as Algeria's second "official" language. The revised c
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The official languages are Modern Standard Arabic and, since 2016, Standard Algerian Berber. Algerian Arabic is the spok
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see French language in Algeria
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see English language in Algeria
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/ælˈdʒɪəriə/ ⓘ al-JEER-ee-ə; Arabic: الجزائر, romanised: al-Jazāʾir, pronounced [al.d͡ʒazaːʔir] ⓘ, locally [(ɪ)ˈd͡ːzaːji
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Arabic: الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية, romanised: al-Jumhūriyyah al-Jazāʾiriyyah ad-Dīmuqrāṭiyyah ash‑Shaʿbiyy
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The transcription of Tamazight in the Tifinagh alphabet is not codified.
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"Constitution of Algeria, Art. 11"
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"Démographie: Plus de 47 millions d'Algériens d'ici 2025"
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El Moudjahid
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"World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025"
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"World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025"
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"World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025"
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"World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025"
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The World Factbook
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Proclamación de la República argelina Archived 28 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine, Journal officiel de la republiqu
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Algeria Press Service
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El Watan
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Algeria Press Service
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Islam and the Métropole: A Case Study of Religion and Rhetoric in Algeria
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Nyrop 1972, p. 15.
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"Algeria's Roman Heritage – Roundtrips and Cultural Tours Penguin Travel"
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The Cambridge Ancient History
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Libyan Studies
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"Sketches of Algeria During the Kabyle War"
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The Kabyle People
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"The art journal London"
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The Great Arab Conquests: How the Spread of Islam Changed the World We Live InHugh Kennedy Archived 26 March 2023 at the
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Gibraltar: Croisée de mondes : d'Hercule à Boabdil Archived 5 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine
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Séguier
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The History of Northern Africa Archived 26 March 2023 at the Wayback Machine Britannica Educational Publishing
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Middle East and Africa: International Dictionary of Historic Places Archived 26 March 2023 at the Wayback Machine
Trudy
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Historical Dictionary of Tunisia Archived 26 March 2023 at the Wayback Machine
Kenneth J. Perkins
Rowman & Littlefield
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Islam, 01 AH-250 AH: A Chronology of Events Archived 3 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine
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Histoire des Berbères et des dynasties musulmanes de l'Afrique Septentrionale Par Ibn Khaldūn, William MacGuckin Slane
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Histoire des Berbères et des dynasties musulmanes de l'Afrique Septentrionale Par Ibn Khaldūn, William MacGuckin Slane
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Saladin, the Almohads and the Banū Ghāniya: The Contest for North Africa (12th and 13th centuries)
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"An Atlas of African History"
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The Puffin History of the World: Volume 1 Archived 26 March 2023 at the Wayback Machine,
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Vers la paix en Algérie: Archived 5 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine les négociations d'Evian dans les archives diploma
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The Zīrids of Granada Andrew Handler University of Miami Press, 1974
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The Cambridge History of Africa, Volume 3 Archived 26 March 2023 at the Wayback Machine – J.D. Fage
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Africans: The History of a Continent
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Fortunes of Africa: A 5,000 Year History of Wealth, Greed and Endeavour
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Histoire de l'Afrique septentrionale (Berbérie) dupuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu'à la conquête française (1830),
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In Barbary: Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, and the Sahara Archived 9 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine Edward Alexander Powe
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Roudh El-Kartas: Histoire des souverains du Maghreb (Espagne et Maroc) et annales de la ville de Fès Abū al-Ḥasan ʻAlī b
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Les Berbers dans l'histoire: De la Kahina à l'occupation Turque Archived 5 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine Mouloud Gaï
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Populations Crises and Population Cycles Archived 27 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Claire Russell and W. M. S. Russel
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Encyclopaedia of the World Muslims: Tribes, Castes and Communities
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du moyen age Archived 26 March 2023 at the Wayback Machine Louis Cibrario Libraire de Guillaumin et C.ie
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Histoire générale de la Tunisie, Volume 2 Archived 26 March 2023 at the Wayback Machine Hédi Slim, Ammar Mahjoubi, Khale
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Recueil des Notices et Memoires Archived 18 May 2023 at the Wayback Machine, Volumes 52–53
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Historia General de España ... con la continuacion de Miniana; completada ... por E. Chao. Enriquecida con notas historicas y criticas, etc
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