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Alexander Graham Bell

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Alexander Graham Bell

Alexander Graham Bell ( ; born Alexander Bell; March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was a Scottish-born Canadian-American inventor, scientist, and engineer who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone. He also co-founded the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) in 1885. Bell's father, grandfather, and brother had all been associated with work on elocution and speech, and both his mother and wife were deaf, profoundly influencing Bell's life's work. His research on hearing and speech further led him to experiment with hearing devices, which eventually culminated in his being awarded the first U.S. patent for the telephone, on March 7, 1876. Bell considered his invention an intrusion on his real work as a scientist and refused to have a telephone in his study. Many other inventions marked Bell's later life, including ground-breaking work in optical telecommunications, hydrofoils, and aeronautics. Bell also had a strong influence on the National Geographic Society and its magazine while serving as its second president from 1898 to 1903. Beyond his work in engineering, Bell had a deep interest in the emerging science of heredity. His work in this area has been called "the soundest, and most useful study of human heredity proposed in nineteenth-century America ... Bell's most notable contribution to basic science, as distinct from invention."

Infobox

Born
Alexander Bell(1847-03-03)March 3, 1847Edinburgh, Scotland
Died
August 2, 1922(1922-08-02) (aged 75)Beinn Bhreagh, Nova Scotia, Canada
Citizenship
mw- United Kingdom (1847–1922)British-subject in Canada (1870–1882)United States (1882–1922)
Alma mater
University of EdinburghUniversity College London
Occupations
mw- .inline, .inline dl, .inline ol, .inline ul, dl dl, dl ol, dl ul, ol dl, ol ol dd dd dd , dd dt , dd li , dt dd , dt dt , dt li , li dd dd dd , dd dt , dd li , dt dd , dt dt , dt li , li dd dd ol li Inventorscientist engineerprofessor teacher of the deaf
Known for
Invention of the telephone Co-founder of Bell Telephone Company, Bell Canada and AT&T
Spouse
mw- Mabel Gardiner Hubbard (m. 1877)
Children
4
Father
Alexander Melville Bell
Relatives
Gardiner G. Hubbard (father-in-law)David C. Bell (uncle)Gilbert H. Grosvenor (son-in-law)David Fairchild (son-in-law)Melville Bell Grosvenor (grandson)Mabel Grosvenor (granddaughter)A. Graham Bell Fairchild (grandson)Gilbert Grosvenor (great-grandson)Edwin Grosvenor (great-grandson)Chichester Bell (cousin)
Awards
Volta Prize (1880)Membership of NAS (1883)Albert Medal (1902)John Fritz Medal (1907)Elliott Cresson Medal (1912)Hughes Medal (1913)AIEE Edison Medal (1914)

Tables

· External links › Multimedia
Preceded byGardiner Greene Hubbard
Preceded byGardiner Greene Hubbard
Non-profit organization positions
Preceded byGardiner Greene Hubbard
Non-profit organization positions
President of the National Geographic Society 1897–1904
Non-profit organization positions
Succeeded byWilliam John McGee
Non-profit organization positions
Preceded byGardiner Greene Hubbard
President of the National Geographic Society 1897–1904
Succeeded byWilliam John McGee

References

  1. Bell was a British subject for most of his early life. When he moved to Canada in 1870, Canadian and British citizenship
  2. From Black (1997), p. 18: "He thought he could harness the new electronic technology by creating a machine with a transm
  3. After Bell's death his wife Mabel wrote to John J. Carty, an AT&T vice-president, and commented on her husband's relucta
  4. Bell typically signed his name in full on his correspondence.
  5. Helmholtz's The Sensations of Tone is credited with inspiring Bell, at the age of 23, to further his studies of electric
  6. The family pet was given to his brother's family.
  7. The estate, dating from 1858, is in the present day located at 94 Tutela Heights Road, Brantford, and is now known as th
  8. Bell would later write that he had come to Canada a "dying man".
  9. Bell was thrilled at his recognition by the Six Nations Reserve and throughout his life would launch into a Mohawk war d
  10. In later years, Bell described the invention of the telephone and linked it to his "dreaming place".
  11. Eber (1991), p. 43 claimed that Mabel had scarlet fever in New York "...shortly before her fifth birthday..."; however,
  12. From Alexander Graham Bell (1979), p. 8: "Brantford is justified in calling herself 'The Telephone City' because the tel
  13. Hubbard's financial support to the research efforts fell far short of the funds needed, necessitating Bell to continue t
  14. A copy of a draft of the patent application is shown, described as "probably the most valuable patent ever."
  15. Meucci was not involved in the final trial.[clarification needed]
  16. Tomas Farley also writes that "Nearly every scholar agrees that Bell and Watson were the first to transmit intelligible
  17. Many of the lawsuits became rancorous, with Elisha Gray becoming particularly bitter over Bell's ascendancy in the telep
  18. Marian was born only days after Bell and his assistant Sumner Tainter had successfully tested their new wireless telecom
  19. Under the direction of the Boston architects, Cabot, Everett & Mead, a Nova Scotia company, Rhodes, Curry & Company, car
  20. In one memorable incident, the newly arrived Bells were walking down one of Baddeck's central streets when Bell peered i
  21. Bell was inspired in part by Australian aeronautical engineer Lawrence Hargrave's work with man-carrying box kites. Harg
  22. "Selfridge Aerodrome Sails Steadily for 319 feet (97 m)." The Washington Post May 13, 1908.
  23. At 25 to 30 Miles an Hour. First Public Trip of Heavier-than-air Car in America. Professor Alexander Graham Bell's New M
  24. The aileron had been conceived of as early as 1868 by British inventor M.P.W. Boulton and was also created independently
  25. In the last years of his life, as his final projects wound down, Bell and his wife, their extended family and friends, l
  26. From Bethune (2009), p. 119: "[his end came] at 2:00 am... His wife, Mabel, daughter Daisy, and son-in-law David Fairchi
  27. The Charles Fleetford Sise Chapter of the Telephone Pioneers of America commissioned and dedicated the large bronze stat
  28. The decibel is defined as one tenth of a bel.
  29. Fastest in the World: The Saga of Canada's Revolutionary Hydrofoils
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  30. [Is the following a quote from the source referenced?:] While Bell worked in many scientific, technical, professional an
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