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2019 Canadian federal election

Updated: Wikipedia source

2019 Canadian federal election

The 2019 Canadian federal election was held on October 21, 2019. Members of the House of Commons were elected to the 43rd Canadian Parliament. In keeping with the maximum four-year term under a 2007 amendment to the Canada Elections Act, the writs of election for the 2019 election were issued by Governor General Julie Payette on September 11, 2019. With 33.12% of the vote for the Liberal Party, led by incumbent Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, the 2019 election set, at the time, a record for the lowest vote share for a party that would go on to form a single-party minority government (this record would later be beaten in the subsequent 2021 federal election). The Liberals lost the popular vote to the Conservative Party by one per cent, marking only the second time in Canadian history that a governing party formed a government while receiving less than 35 per cent of the national popular vote, the first time being the inaugural 1867 Canadian federal election after Confederation. It was also the first time since 1979 that the party with the most votes overall did not win the most seats, and the first election since 1926 in which the Liberals won the most seats without receiving the most votes. The Conservatives, led by Andrew Scheer, won 121 seats and remained the Official Opposition. The Bloc Québécois, led by Yves-François Blanchet, won 32 seats to regain official party status and became the third party for the first time since 2008. The New Democratic Party, led by Jagmeet Singh, won 24 seats, its worst result since 2004. The Green Party, led by Elizabeth May, saw its best election results with three seats and for the first time received over one million votes. The Greens also elected their first MP outside of British Columbia, Jenica Atwin in Fredericton, New Brunswick. Independent MP Jody Wilson-Raybould won her seat and was the first independent to win a seat in over a decade. In their first election, the People's Party failed to win any seats, as leader Maxime Bernier lost his own seat in Beauce, a seat he won as a Conservative in the previous four elections before forming his own party following his unsuccessful bid for the Conservative Party's leadership.

Infobox

Turnout
67.0% ( 1.3 pp)
Leader
Jagmeet Singh
Party
New Democratic
Leader since
October 1, 2017
Leader's seat
Burnaby South
Last election
44 seats, 19.72%
Seats before
39
Seats won
24
Seat change
15
Popular vote
2,903,722
Percentage
15.98%
Swing
3.74 pp

Tables

· Background › Parties and standings
Votes (%)
Votes (%)
Name
Votes (%)
Name
Seats
Name
Ideology
Leader
2015 result
At dissolution
Votes (%)
Seats
Liberal
LiberalismSocial liberalism
Justin Trudeau
39.47%
184 / 338
177 / 338
Conservative
ConservatismEconomic liberalismFiscal conservatism
Andrew Scheer
31.89%
99 / 338
95 / 338
New Democratic
Social democracyDemocratic socialism
Jagmeet Singh
19.71%
44 / 338
39 / 338
Bloc Québécois
Quebec nationalism
Yves-François Blanchet
4.66%
10 / 338
10 / 338
Green
Green politicsGreen liberalism
Elizabeth May
3.45%
1 / 338
2 / 338
People's
Right-wing populismCanadian nationalismConservatism
Maxime Bernier
N/A
1 / 338
Co-operative Commonwealth
Social democracy
N/A
N/A
1 / 338
Independents
N/A
N/A
0.28%
0 / 338
8 / 338
Vacant seats
N/A
N/A
5 / 338
· Background › Incumbents not running for reelection
Member of Parliament
Electoral district
Province or territory
MP since
Frank Baylis
Pierrefonds—Dollard
Quebec
2015
Bill Casey
Cumberland—Colchester
Nova Scotia
2015
Rodger Cuzner
Cape Breton—Canso
Nova Scotia
2000
Mark Eyking
Sydney—Victoria
Nova Scotia
2000
Colin Fraser
West Nova
Nova Scotia
2015
Pam Goldsmith-Jones
West Vancouver—Sunshine Coast—Sea to Sky Country
British Columbia
2015
T. J. Harvey
Tobique—Mactaquac
New Brunswick
2015
Andrew Leslie
Orléans
Ontario
2015
Eva Nassif
Vimy
Quebec
2015
John Oliver
Oakville
Ontario
2015
Denis Paradis
Brome—Missisquoi
Quebec
2015
Kyle Peterson
Newmarket—Aurora
Ontario
2015
Don Rusnak
Thunder Bay—Rainy River
Ontario
2015
Geng Tan
Don Valley North
Ontario
2015
Borys Wrzesnewskyj
Etobicoke Centre
Ontario
2015
David Anderson
Cypress Hills—Grasslands
Saskatchewan
2000
Jim Eglinski
Yellowhead
Alberta
2014
Kellie Leitch
Simcoe—Grey
Ontario
2011
Guy Lauzon
Stormont—Dundas—South Glengarry
Ontario
2004
Larry Miller
Bruce—Grey—Owen Sound
Ontario
2004
Rob Nicholson
Niagara Falls
Ontario
2004
Alex Nuttall
Barrie—Springwater—Oro-Medonte
Ontario
2015
Bev Shipley
Lambton—Kent—Middlesex
Ontario
2006
Robert Sopuck
Dauphin—Swan River—Neepawa
Manitoba
2010
Kevin Sorenson
Battle River—Crowfoot
Alberta
2000
David Tilson
Dufferin—Caledon
Ontario
2004
Dave Van Kesteren
Chatham-Kent—Leamington
Ontario
2006
Mark Warawa
Langley—Aldergrove
British Columbia
2004
Marjolaine Boutin-Sweet
Hochelaga
Quebec
2011
David Christopherson
Hamilton Centre
Ontario
2004
Nathan Cullen
Skeena—Bulkley Valley
British Columbia
2004
Fin Donnelly
Port Moody—Coquitlam
British Columbia
2009
Linda Duncan
Edmonton Strathcona
Alberta
2008
Hélène Laverdière
Laurier—Sainte-Marie
Quebec
2011
Irene Mathyssen
London—Fanshawe
Ontario
2006
Anne Minh-Thu Quach
Salaberry—Suroît
Quebec
2011
Christine Moore
Abitibi—Témiscamingue
Quebec
2011
Murray Rankin
Victoria
British Columbia
2012
Romeo Saganash
Abitibi—Baie-James—Nunavik—Eeyou
Quebec
2011
Erin Weir
Regina—Lewvan
Saskatchewan
2015
Celina Caesar-Chavannes
Whitby
Ontario
2015
Tony Clement
Parry Sound-Muskoka
Ontario
2006
Darshan Kang
Calgary Skyview
Alberta
2015
Hunter Tootoo
Nunavut
Nunavut
2015
Date
Date
Seat
Date
Before
Member
Before
Party
Before
Reason
Before
Date
Change
Member
Change
Party
Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner
Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner
Seat
Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner
Before
March 23, 2016
Before
Jim Hillyer
Before
█ Conservative
Before
Death in office
Change
October 24, 2016
Change
Glen Motz
Change
█ Conservative
Nunavut
Nunavut
Seat
Nunavut
Before
May 31, 2016
Before
Hunter Tootoo
Before
█ Liberal
Before
Resigned from caucus
Change
█ Independent
Ottawa—Vanier
Ottawa—Vanier
Seat
Ottawa—Vanier
Before
August 16, 2016
Before
Mauril Bélanger
Before
█ Liberal
Before
Death in office
Change
April 3, 2017
Change
Mona Fortier
Change
█ Liberal
Calgary Heritage
Calgary Heritage
Seat
Calgary Heritage
Before
August 26, 2016
Before
Stephen Harper
Before
█ Conservative
Before
Resignation
Change
April 3, 2017
Change
Bob Benzen
Change
█ Conservative
Calgary Midnapore
Calgary Midnapore
Seat
Calgary Midnapore
Before
September 23, 2016
Before
Jason Kenney
Before
█ Conservative
Before
Resignation
Change
April 3, 2017
Change
Stephanie Kusie
Change
█ Conservative
Saint-Laurent
Saint-Laurent
Seat
Saint-Laurent
Before
January 31, 2017
Before
Stéphane Dion
Before
█ Liberal
Before
Resignation
Change
April 3, 2017
Change
Emmanuella Lambropoulos
Change
█ Liberal
Markham—Thornhill
Markham—Thornhill
Seat
Markham—Thornhill
Before
January 31, 2017
Before
John McCallum
Before
█ Liberal
Before
Resignation
Change
April 3, 2017
Change
Mary Ng
Change
█ Liberal
Sturgeon River—Parkland
Sturgeon River—Parkland
Seat
Sturgeon River—Parkland
Before
July 4, 2017
Before
Rona Ambrose
Before
█ Conservative
Before
Resignation
Change
October 23, 2017
Change
Dane Lloyd
Change
█ Conservative
Lac-Saint-Jean
Lac-Saint-Jean
Seat
Lac-Saint-Jean
Before
August 9, 2017
Before
Denis Lebel
Before
█ Conservative
Before
Resignation
Change
October 23, 2017
Change
Richard Hébert
Change
█ Liberal
Calgary Skyview
Calgary Skyview
Seat
Calgary Skyview
Before
August 31, 2017
Before
Darshan Kang
Before
█ Liberal
Before
Resigned from caucus
Change
█ Independent
Scarborough—Agincourt
Scarborough—Agincourt
Seat
Scarborough—Agincourt
Before
September 14, 2017
Before
Arnold Chan
Before
█ Liberal
Before
Death in office
Change
December 11, 2017
Change
Jean Yip
Change
█ Liberal
Bonavista—Burin—Trinity
Bonavista—Burin—Trinity
Seat
Bonavista—Burin—Trinity
Before
September 30, 2017
Before
Judy Foote
Before
█ Liberal
Before
Resignation
Change
December 11, 2017
Change
Churence Rogers
Change
█ Liberal
South Surrey—White Rock
South Surrey—White Rock
Seat
South Surrey—White Rock
Before
September 30, 2017
Before
Dianne Watts
Before
█ Conservative
Before
Resignation
Change
December 11, 2017
Change
Gordon Hogg
Change
█ Liberal
Battlefords—Lloydminster
Battlefords—Lloydminster
Seat
Battlefords—Lloydminster
Before
October 2, 2017
Before
Gerry Ritz
Before
█ Conservative
Before
Resignation
Change
December 11, 2017
Change
Rosemarie Falk
Change
█ Conservative
Chicoutimi—Le Fjord
Chicoutimi—Le Fjord
Seat
Chicoutimi—Le Fjord
Before
December 1, 2017
Before
Denis Lemieux
Before
█ Liberal
Before
Resignation
Change
June 18, 2018
Change
Richard Martel
Change
█ Conservative
Terrebonne
Terrebonne
Seat
Terrebonne
Before
February 28, 2018
Before
Michel Boudrias
Before
█ Bloc Québécois
Before
Resigned from caucus
Change
█ Groupe parl qué
June 6, 2018
June 6, 2018
Seat
June 6, 2018
Before
█ Bloc Québécois
Rivière-du-Nord
Rivière-du-Nord
Seat
Rivière-du-Nord
Before
February 28, 2018
Before
Rhéal Fortin
Before
█ Bloc Québécois
Before
Resigned from caucus
Change
█ Groupe parl qué
September 17, 2018
September 17, 2018
Seat
September 17, 2018
Before
█ Bloc Québécois
Mirabel
Mirabel
Seat
Mirabel
Before
February 28, 2018
Before
Simon Marcil
Before
█ Bloc Québécois
Before
Resigned from caucus
Change
█ Groupe parl qué
June 6, 2018
June 6, 2018
Seat
June 6, 2018
Before
█ Bloc Québécois
Repentigny
Repentigny
Seat
Repentigny
Before
February 28, 2018
Before
Monique Pauzé
Before
█ Bloc Québécois
Before
Resigned from caucus
Change
█ Groupe parl qué
September 17, 2018
September 17, 2018
Seat
September 17, 2018
Before
█ Bloc Québécois
Bécancour—Nicolet—Saurel
Bécancour—Nicolet—Saurel
Seat
Bécancour—Nicolet—Saurel
Before
February 28, 2018
Before
Louis Plamondon
Before
█ Bloc Québécois
Before
Resigned from caucus
Change
█ Groupe parl qué
September 17, 2018
September 17, 2018
Seat
September 17, 2018
Before
█ Bloc Québécois
Joliette
Joliette
Seat
Joliette
Before
February 28, 2018
Before
Gabriel Ste-Marie
Before
█ Bloc Québécois
Before
Resigned from caucus
Change
█ Groupe parl qué
September 17, 2018
September 17, 2018
Seat
September 17, 2018
Before
█ Bloc Québécois
Montcalm
Montcalm
Seat
Montcalm
Before
February 28, 2018
Before
Luc Thériault
Before
█ Bloc Québécois
Before
Resigned from caucus
Change
█ Groupe parl qué
September 17, 2018
September 17, 2018
Seat
September 17, 2018
Before
█ Bloc Québécois
Leeds—Grenville—Thousand Islands and Rideau Lakes
Leeds—Grenville—Thousand Islands and Rideau Lakes
Seat
Leeds—Grenville—Thousand Islands and Rideau Lakes
Before
May 2, 2018
Before
Gord Brown
Before
█ Conservative
Before
Death in office
Change
December 3, 2018
Change
Michael Barrett
Change
█ Conservative
Regina—Lewvan
Regina—Lewvan
Seat
Regina—Lewvan
Before
May 3, 2018
Before
Erin Weir
Before
█ New Democratic
Before
Removed from caucus
Change
May 11, 2018
Change
█ CCF
Outremont
Outremont
Seat
Outremont
Before
August 3, 2018
Before
Tom Mulcair
Before
█ New Democratic
Before
Resignation
Change
February 25, 2019
Change
Rachel Bendayan
Change
█ Liberal
Beauce
Beauce
Seat
Beauce
Before
August 23, 2018
Before
Maxime Bernier
Before
█ Conservative
Before
Resigned from caucus
Change
September 14, 2018
Change
█ People's
Burnaby South
Burnaby South
Seat
Burnaby South
Before
September 14, 2018
Before
Kennedy Stewart
Before
█ New Democratic
Before
Resignation
Change
February 25, 2019
Change
Jagmeet Singh
Change
█ New Democratic
Aurora—Oak Ridges—Richmond Hill
Aurora—Oak Ridges—Richmond Hill
Seat
Aurora—Oak Ridges—Richmond Hill
Before
September 17, 2018
Before
Leona Alleslev
Before
█ Liberal
Before
Changed affiliation
Change
█ Conservative
York—Simcoe
York—Simcoe
Seat
York—Simcoe
Before
September 30, 2018
Before
Peter Van Loan
Before
█ Conservative
Before
Resignation
Change
February 25, 2019
Change
Scot Davidson
Change
█ Conservative
Parry Sound-Muskoka
Parry Sound-Muskoka
Seat
Parry Sound-Muskoka
Before
November 7, 2018
Before
Tony Clement
Before
█ Conservative
Before
Resigned from caucus
Change
█ Independent
Brampton East
Brampton East
Seat
Brampton East
Before
November 30, 2018[non-primary source needed]
Before
Raj Grewal
Before
█ Liberal
Before
Resigned from caucus
Change
█ Independent
Nanaimo—Ladysmith
Nanaimo—Ladysmith
Seat
Nanaimo—Ladysmith
Before
January 2, 2019
Before
Sheila Malcolmson
Before
█ New Democratic
Before
Resigned
Change
May 6, 2019
Change
Paul Manly
Change
█ Green
Saint-Léonard—Saint-Michel
Saint-Léonard—Saint-Michel
Seat
Saint-Léonard—Saint-Michel
Before
January 29, 2019
Before
Nicola Di Iorio
Before
█ Liberal
Before
Resignation
Kings—Hants
Kings—Hants
Seat
Kings—Hants
Before
February 10, 2019
Before
Scott Brison
Before
█ Liberal
Before
Resignation
Whitby
Whitby
Seat
Whitby
Before
March 20, 2019
Before
Celina Caesar-Chavannes
Before
█ Liberal
Before
Resigned from caucus
Change
█ Independent
Markham—Stouffville
Markham—Stouffville
Seat
Markham—Stouffville
Before
April 2, 2019
Before
Jane Philpott
Before
█ Liberal
Before
Removed from caucus
Change
█ Independent
Vancouver Granville
Vancouver Granville
Seat
Vancouver Granville
Before
April 2, 2019
Before
Jody Wilson-Raybould
Before
█ Liberal
Before
Removed from caucus
Change
█ Independent
Langley—Aldergrove
Langley—Aldergrove
Seat
Langley—Aldergrove
Before
June 20, 2019
Before
Mark Warawa
Before
█ Conservative
Before
Death in office
Calgary Forest Lawn
Calgary Forest Lawn
Seat
Calgary Forest Lawn
Before
August 2, 2019
Before
Deepak Obhrai
Before
█ Conservative
Before
Death in office
Longueuil—Saint-Hubert
Longueuil—Saint-Hubert
Seat
Longueuil—Saint-Hubert
Before
August 16, 2019
Before
Pierre Nantel
Before
█ New Democratic
Before
Removed from caucus
Change
August 16, 2019
Change
█ Independent
Seat
Before
Change
Date
Member
Party
Reason
Date
Member
Party
Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner
March 23, 2016
Jim Hillyer
█ Conservative
Death in office
October 24, 2016
Glen Motz
█ Conservative
Nunavut
May 31, 2016
Hunter Tootoo
█ Liberal
Resigned from caucus
█ Independent
Ottawa—Vanier
August 16, 2016
Mauril Bélanger
█ Liberal
Death in office
April 3, 2017
Mona Fortier
█ Liberal
Calgary Heritage
August 26, 2016
Stephen Harper
█ Conservative
Resignation
April 3, 2017
Bob Benzen
█ Conservative
Calgary Midnapore
September 23, 2016
Jason Kenney
█ Conservative
Resignation
April 3, 2017
Stephanie Kusie
█ Conservative
Saint-Laurent
January 31, 2017
Stéphane Dion
█ Liberal
Resignation
April 3, 2017
Emmanuella Lambropoulos
█ Liberal
Markham—Thornhill
January 31, 2017
John McCallum
█ Liberal
Resignation
April 3, 2017
Mary Ng
█ Liberal
Sturgeon River—Parkland
July 4, 2017
Rona Ambrose
█ Conservative
Resignation
October 23, 2017
Dane Lloyd
█ Conservative
Lac-Saint-Jean
August 9, 2017
Denis Lebel
█ Conservative
Resignation
October 23, 2017
Richard Hébert
█ Liberal
Calgary Skyview
August 31, 2017
Darshan Kang
█ Liberal
Resigned from caucus
█ Independent
Scarborough—Agincourt
September 14, 2017
Arnold Chan
█ Liberal
Death in office
December 11, 2017
Jean Yip
█ Liberal
Bonavista—Burin—Trinity
September 30, 2017
Judy Foote
█ Liberal
Resignation
December 11, 2017
Churence Rogers
█ Liberal
South Surrey—White Rock
September 30, 2017
Dianne Watts
█ Conservative
Resignation
December 11, 2017
Gordon Hogg
█ Liberal
Battlefords—Lloydminster
October 2, 2017
Gerry Ritz
█ Conservative
Resignation
December 11, 2017
Rosemarie Falk
█ Conservative
Chicoutimi—Le Fjord
December 1, 2017
Denis Lemieux
█ Liberal
Resignation
June 18, 2018
Richard Martel
█ Conservative
Terrebonne
February 28, 2018
Michel Boudrias
█ Bloc Québécois
Resigned from caucus
█ Groupe parl qué
June 6, 2018
█ Bloc Québécois
Rivière-du-Nord
February 28, 2018
Rhéal Fortin
█ Bloc Québécois
Resigned from caucus
█ Groupe parl qué
September 17, 2018
█ Bloc Québécois
Mirabel
February 28, 2018
Simon Marcil
█ Bloc Québécois
Resigned from caucus
█ Groupe parl qué
June 6, 2018
█ Bloc Québécois
Repentigny
February 28, 2018
Monique Pauzé
█ Bloc Québécois
Resigned from caucus
█ Groupe parl qué
September 17, 2018
█ Bloc Québécois
Bécancour—Nicolet—Saurel
February 28, 2018
Louis Plamondon
█ Bloc Québécois
Resigned from caucus
█ Groupe parl qué
September 17, 2018
█ Bloc Québécois
Joliette
February 28, 2018
Gabriel Ste-Marie
█ Bloc Québécois
Resigned from caucus
█ Groupe parl qué
September 17, 2018
█ Bloc Québécois
Montcalm
February 28, 2018
Luc Thériault
█ Bloc Québécois
Resigned from caucus
█ Groupe parl qué
September 17, 2018
█ Bloc Québécois
Leeds—Grenville—Thousand Islands and Rideau Lakes
May 2, 2018
Gord Brown
█ Conservative
Death in office
December 3, 2018
Michael Barrett
█ Conservative
Regina—Lewvan
May 3, 2018
Erin Weir
█ New Democratic
Removed from caucus
May 11, 2018
█ CCF
Outremont
August 3, 2018
Tom Mulcair
█ New Democratic
Resignation
February 25, 2019
Rachel Bendayan
█ Liberal
Beauce
August 23, 2018
Maxime Bernier
█ Conservative
Resigned from caucus
September 14, 2018
█ People's
Burnaby South
September 14, 2018
Kennedy Stewart
█ New Democratic
Resignation
February 25, 2019
Jagmeet Singh
█ New Democratic
Aurora—Oak Ridges—Richmond Hill
September 17, 2018
Leona Alleslev
█ Liberal
Changed affiliation
█ Conservative
York—Simcoe
September 30, 2018
Peter Van Loan
█ Conservative
Resignation
February 25, 2019
Scot Davidson
█ Conservative
Parry Sound-Muskoka
November 7, 2018
Tony Clement
█ Conservative
Resigned from caucus
█ Independent
Brampton East
November 30, 2018[non-primary source needed]
Raj Grewal
█ Liberal
Resigned from caucus
█ Independent
Nanaimo—Ladysmith
January 2, 2019
Sheila Malcolmson
█ New Democratic
Resigned
May 6, 2019
Paul Manly
█ Green
Saint-Léonard—Saint-Michel
January 29, 2019
Nicola Di Iorio
█ Liberal
Resignation
Kings—Hants
February 10, 2019
Scott Brison
█ Liberal
Resignation
Whitby
March 20, 2019
Celina Caesar-Chavannes
█ Liberal
Resigned from caucus
█ Independent
Markham—Stouffville
April 2, 2019
Jane Philpott
█ Liberal
Removed from caucus
█ Independent
Vancouver Granville
April 2, 2019
Jody Wilson-Raybould
█ Liberal
Removed from caucus
█ Independent
Langley—Aldergrove
June 20, 2019
Mark Warawa
█ Conservative
Death in office
Calgary Forest Lawn
August 2, 2019
Deepak Obhrai
█ Conservative
Death in office
Longueuil—Saint-Hubert
August 16, 2019
Pierre Nantel
█ New Democratic
Removed from caucus
August 16, 2019
█ Independent
Endorsements received by each party · Endorsements
Media
Media
Type
Media
Liberal
Hamilton SpectatorToronto StarThe VarsityLe Devoir
Conservative
PostMedia
Bloc Québécois
Le Devoir
No endorsement
The Globe and Mail
Politicians and public figures
Politicians and public figures
Type
Politicians and public figures
Liberal
Barack ObamaMasai UjiriMartin Luther King III
Conservative
Blaine HiggsJason KenneyBrian Pallister
NDP
Rupi KaurRachel NotleyWab KinewRyan Meili
Green
Pamela AndersonNeil Young
No endorsement
Dennis KingFrançois LegaultHazel McCallionScott MoeJohn Tory
Unions and business associations
Unions and business associations
Type
Unions and business associations
NDP
Ontario Federation of Labour
Type
Liberal
Conservative
NDP
Bloc Québécois
Green
PPC
No endorsement
Media
Hamilton SpectatorToronto StarThe VarsityLe Devoir
PostMedia
Le Devoir
The Globe and Mail
Politicians and public figures
Barack ObamaMasai UjiriMartin Luther King III
Blaine HiggsJason KenneyBrian Pallister
Rupi KaurRachel NotleyWab KinewRyan Meili
Pamela AndersonNeil Young
Dennis KingFrançois LegaultHazel McCallionScott MoeJohn Tory
Unions and business associations
Ontario Federation of Labour
· Campaign slogans
Conservative Party
Conservative Party
Party
Conservative Party
English
"It's time for you to get ahead."
French
"Plus. Pour vous. Dès maintenant."
Translation of French (unofficial)
"More. For you. Starting now."
New Democratic Party
New Democratic Party
Party
New Democratic Party
English
"In it for you."
French
"Les progressistes : c'est nous"
Translation of French (unofficial)
"We are the progressives"
Liberal Party
Liberal Party
Party
Liberal Party
English
"Choose Forward"
French
"Choisir d'avancer"
Translation of French (unofficial)
"Choosing to move forward"
Bloc Québécois
Bloc Québécois
Party
Bloc Québécois
English
N/A
French
"Le Québec, c'est nous"
Translation of French (unofficial)
"Quebec, it's us" or "We are Quebec"
Green Party
Green Party
Party
Green Party
English
"Not Left. Not Right. Forward Together."
French
"L'urgence d'agir."
Translation of French (unofficial)
"The urgency to act."
People's Party
People's Party
Party
People's Party
English
"Strong & Free"
French
"Fort et libre"
Translation of French (unofficial)
"Strong and free"
Party
English
French
Translation of French (unofficial)
Conservative Party
"It's time for you to get ahead."
"Plus. Pour vous. Dès maintenant."
"More. For you. Starting now."
New Democratic Party
"In it for you."
"Les progressistes : c'est nous"
"We are the progressives"
Liberal Party
"Choose Forward"
"Choisir d'avancer"
"Choosing to move forward"
Bloc Québécois
N/A
"Le Québec, c'est nous"
"Quebec, it's us" or "We are Quebec"
Green Party
"Not Left. Not Right. Forward Together."
"L'urgence d'agir."
"The urgency to act."
People's Party
"Strong & Free"
"Fort et libre"
"Strong and free"
Third-party spending (from June 30, 2019, until October 1, 2019)[19][k] · Election campaign › Third-party organizations
Unifor
Unifor
Third party
Unifor
Money spent during the pre-election period
$923,417
Money spent during the election campaign
$365,963
United Steelworkers
United Steelworkers
Third party
United Steelworkers
Money spent during the pre-election period
$739,548
Money spent during the election campaign
$142,419
Fairness Works
Fairness Works
Third party
Fairness Works
Money spent during the pre-election period
$551,987
Money spent during the election campaign
N/A
Friends of Canadian Broadcasting
Friends of Canadian Broadcasting
Third party
Friends of Canadian Broadcasting
Money spent during the pre-election period
$211,615
Money spent during the election campaign
$329,372
Canadian Federation of Nurses Unions
Canadian Federation of Nurses Unions
Third party
Canadian Federation of Nurses Unions
Money spent during the pre-election period
$8,475
Money spent during the election campaign
$412,606
Canadians United for Change
Canadians United for Change
Third party
Canadians United for Change
Money spent during the pre-election period
$51,557
Money spent during the election campaign
$292,464
Canadian Medical Association
Canadian Medical Association
Third party
Canadian Medical Association
Money spent during the pre-election period
$221,709
Money spent during the election campaign
$86,971
Grain Farmers of Ontario
Grain Farmers of Ontario
Third party
Grain Farmers of Ontario
Money spent during the pre-election period
$167,800
Money spent during the election campaign
$71,250
Canadian Union of Postal Workers
Canadian Union of Postal Workers
Third party
Canadian Union of Postal Workers
Money spent during the pre-election period
$151,196
Money spent during the election campaign
$42,225
Canada Proud
Canada Proud
Third party
Canada Proud
Money spent during the pre-election period
$96,677
Money spent during the election campaign
$95,438
Third party
Money spent during the pre-election period
Money spent during the election campaign
Unifor
$923,417
$365,963
United Steelworkers
$739,548
$142,419
Fairness Works
$551,987
N/A
Friends of Canadian Broadcasting
$211,615
$329,372
Canadian Federation of Nurses Unions
$8,475
$412,606
Canadians United for Change
$51,557
$292,464
Canadian Medical Association
$221,709
$86,971
Grain Farmers of Ontario
$167,800
$71,250
Canadian Union of Postal Workers
$151,196
$42,225
Canada Proud
$96,677
$95,438
2019 Canada election – issues and respective party platforms · Platforms
Business
Business
Issue
Business
BQ
Eliminate subsidies for fossil fuel businesses.
Conservative
Eliminate subsidies for fossil fuel businesses. Eliminate subsidies for private media companies. For every new regulation imposed, eliminate two existing regulations.
Green
Eliminate subsidies for fossil fuel businesses.
Liberal
Eliminate subsidies for fossil fuel businesses.
NDP
Eliminate subsidies for fossil fuel businesses.
PPC
Eliminate all subsidies for businesses. Eliminate funding for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC).
Crown corporations
Crown corporations
Issue
Crown corporations
Conservative
Privatize the Trans Mountain pipeline.
Green
Increase funding for the CBC.
NDP
Increase funding for the CBC.
PPC
Privatize the Trans Mountain pipeline. Privatize Canada Post. Privatize the CBC.
Deficit
Deficit
Issue
Deficit
Conservative
Balance the budget in five years.
Green
Balance the budget in five years.
Liberal
Balance the budget in twenty-one years.
NDP
Oppose the use of any austerity measures in pursuit of a balanced budget.
PPC
Balance the budget in two years.
Education
Education
Issue
Education
Conservative
Increase federal RESP contributions from 20% to 30%.
Green
Fully fund the cost of university tuition. Forgive federal student debts.
NDP
Remove interest from federal student loans.
Elections
Elections
Issue
Elections
Green
Replace Canada's electoral system with proportional representation. Lower the voting age from 18 to 16.
NDP
Replace Canada's electoral system with proportional representation.
Energy
Energy
Issue
Energy
BQ
Oppose all pipeline construction.
Conservative
Support the construction of the Trans Mountain pipeline expansion Support the construction of the Northern Gateway pipeline. Repeal Impact Assessment Act and Canadian Energy Regulator Act. Repeal Oil Tanker Moratorium Act.
Green
Oppose all pipeline construction. Ban fracking. Stop all new fossil fuel projects.
Liberal
Support the construction of the Trans Mountain pipeline expansion. Oppose the construction of the Northern Gateway pipeline.
NDP
Oppose all pipeline construction.
PPC
Repeal Impact Assessment Act and Canadian Energy Regulator Act. Repeal Oil Tanker Moratorium Act. Invoke section 92(10) of the constitution to declare pipelines in the national interest.
Environment
Environment
Issue
Environment
BQ
Ban neonicotinoid pesticides.
Conservative
Cut corporate income taxes from 15% to 5% for green technology businesses. Ban the dumping of raw sewage into waterways. Require heavy emitters to invest in clean technology. Create a green-technology patent tax credit.
Green
Ban neonicotinoid pesticides. Protect 30% of Canada's land and water by 2030. Ban non-renewable electricity sources by 2030.
Liberal
Cut corporate income taxes from 15% to 7.5% for businesses selling zero-emission products. Protect 25% of Canada's land and water by 2025. Plant two billion trees by 2029. Ban some single use plastics.
NDP
Protect 30% of Canada's land and water by 2030. Ban some single use plastics. Ban non-renewable electricity sources by 2030.
PPC
Eliminate subsidies for green technology. Increase funding for climate change adaptation.
Firearms
Firearms
Issue
Firearms
BQ
Ban individuals with firearm licenses from owning handguns.
Conservative
Classify firearms through legislation based on mechanical features and remove the RCMP's power to reclassify firearms. Repeal Bill C-71. Extend background checks on firearm licenses from five years to life.
Green
Ban individuals with firearm licenses from owning semi-automatic firearms. Ban individuals with firearm licenses from owning handguns.
Liberal
Allow municipalities to ban individuals with firearm licenses from owning handguns. Ban individuals with firearm licenses from owning AR-15s.
NDP
Allow municipalities to ban individuals with firearm licenses from owning handguns.
PPC
Classify firearms through legislation based on mechanical features and remove the RCMP's power to reclassify firearms. Make firearm licenses permanent.
Foreign
Foreign
Issue
Foreign
BQ
End ties to the British monarchy.
Conservative
Withdraw from the United Nations Compact on Migration. Recognize Jerusalem as the capital of Israel. End the practice of using foreign aid money to fund abortions. Ban Huawei from participating in Canada's 5G networks. Withdraw Canada's $250 million contributions to China's Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. Stop sending foreign aid to countries with a Human Development Index over 0.6, which will reduce the foreign aid budget by 25%. Classify the Iran Revolutionary Guard Corps as a terrorist organization.
Green
Stop selling weapons to Saudi Arabia. Increase foreign aid spending to 0.7% of gross national income. Sign and ratify The Treaty to Abolish Nuclear Weapons. Re-establish the Canadian International Development Agency. Increase funding to the Green Climate Fund and Global Environmental Facility to $4 billion per year.
Liberal
Increase foreign aid spending to 0.7% of gross national income. Increase funding for the United Nations.
NDP
Stop selling weapons to Saudi Arabia. Increase foreign aid spending to 0.7 per cent of gross national income.
PPC
Withdraw from the United Nations Compact on Migration. Withdraw from the United Nations Paris Agreement on Climate Change. Stop pursuing a seat on the UN Security Council. Reduce annual foreign aid spending by $5 billion.
Health
Health
Issue
Health
Conservative
Increase healthcare funding by at least 3% per year.
Green
Introduce government funding for prescription medications. Introduce government funding for dental care for low-income individuals.
Liberal
Increase healthcare funding by at least 3% per year.
NDP
Introduce government funding for prescription medications. Introduce government funding for dental care.
Housing
Housing
Issue
Housing
BQ
Increase funding for social housing in Quebec.
Conservative
Increase the amortization period for insured mortgages to 30 years for first-time buyers.
Green
Appoint a Minister of Housing. Eliminate the first-time home buyer incentive.
Liberal
Increase the amount first-time homebuyers are allowed to withdraw from their RRSPs from $25,000 to $35,000.
NDP
Build 500,000 social housing units. Fund up to $5,000 in rental subsidies for 500,000 low-income households.
Labour
Labour
Issue
Labour
BQ
Ban government workers in positions of authority from wearing visible religious symbols while working.
Green
Raise the federal minimum wage to $15. Ban non-credit unpaid internships.
Liberal
Raise the federal minimum wage to $15.
NDP
Raise the federal minimum wage to $15. Ban non-credit unpaid internships.
Legal
Legal
Issue
Legal
Conservative
Increase funding for the Youth Gang Prevention Fund by 25%. Impose a mandatory prison sentence of five years for possession of a smuggled firearm. Impose a prison sentence of up to fourteen years for diverting firearms into the hands of criminals. Require individuals on parole to cut ties with gangs. List crime and gang organizations in the Criminal Code. Impose a mandatory prison sentence of five-year sentence for ordering or participating in violent criminal activity. Impose a mandatory prison sentence for directing gang crime. Start a judicial inquiry into the SNC-Lavalin scandal. Enable the RCMP to seek access information protected by cabinet confidence by making an application to the Supreme Court of Canada.
Green
Decriminalize all drug possession. Eliminate mandatory minimum sentences. End solitary confinement in prisons. Ban consensual sexuality conversion therapy. Legalize prostitution.
Liberal
Provide free legal aid to survivors of sexual assault and domestic violence. Only appoint bilingual Supreme Court judges. Establish an independent Criminal Case Review Commission to review wrongfully convicted applications. Require all judges to undertake mandatory training on sexual assault law. Require judges to take training about unconscious bias and cultural competency for all judges. Make drug treatment court the default sentence for first-time offenders charged exclusively with drug possession. Ban consensual sexuality conversion therapy.
NDP
Expunge the criminal records of people guilty of minor cannabis possession. Implement a national ban on carding. Only appoint bilingual Supreme Court judges. Appoint Supreme Court judges to represent Quebec. Ban consensual sexuality conversion therapy for minors.
Immigration
Immigration
Issue
Immigration
BQ
Eliminate the Safe Third Country agreement to allow Americans to apply for refugee status in Canada. Give Quebec control over its immigration policies. Exempt Quebec from the Multiculturalism Act.
Conservative
Prevent American residents from applying for asylum or refugee status in Canada.
Green
Eliminate the Safe Third Country agreement to allow Americans to apply for refugee status in Canada. Eliminate the Temporary Foreign Workers Program and replace it with more permanent immigrants.
Liberal
Increase the number of new immigrants from 310,000 per year to 350,000 per year by 2021.
NDP
Eliminate the Safe Third Country agreement to allow Americans to apply for refugee status in Canada. Eliminate the cap on sponsoring parents and grandparents.
PPC
Reduce the number of new immigrants from 310,000 per year to 150,000 per year. Increase the proportion of economic immigrants. End reliance on UN for refugee selection. Repeal the Multiculturalism Act. End all funding to promote multiculturalism. Require new immigrants to pass a test about Canadian values. Declare the whole border an official port of entry to end exemptions for illegal border crossers. Ban birth tourism.
Indigenous
Indigenous
Issue
Indigenous
BQ
Implement UNDRIP.
Conservative
Appoint a minister for "consulting Indigenous rights holders."
Green
Implement UNDRIP. Repeal and replace the Indian Act.
Liberal
Implement UNDRIP.
NDP
Implement UNDRIP.
PPC
Repeal and replace the Indian Act.
Military
Military
Issue
Military
Conservative
Seek to join the U.S. ballistic missile defence system.
Green
Do not use autonomous weapons.
NDP
Reinstate the veteran disability pension as previously provided by the Pension Act.
Provinces and Territories
Provinces and Territories
Issue
Provinces and Territories
BQ
Seek sovereignty for Quebec. Merge Quebec's federal and provincial tax returns into one tax return.
Conservative
Appoint a Minister of Internal Trade. Eliminate interprovincial trade restrictions. Merge Quebec's federal and provincial tax returns into one tax return.
NDP
Allow unions to initiate trade disputes.
PPC
Appoint a Minister of Internal Trade. Reduce equalization payments. Eliminate federal funding for areas under provincial jurisdiction. Use section 91(2) of the constitution to eliminate interprovincial trade restrictions.
Senate
Senate
Issue
Senate
Conservative
Appoint senators who are members of the Conservative Party of Canada.
Liberal
Appoint independent senators.
NDP
Abolish the Senate.
Speech
Speech
Issue
Speech
Conservative
Withhold grants from universities that refuse to allow free speech on campus.
PPC
Withhold grants from universities that refuse to allow free speech on campus. Repeal M-103. Repeal C-16.
Taxation (Business)
Taxation (Business)
Issue
Taxation (Business)
BQ
Implement a 3% tax on revenue from online services.
Conservative
Expand the small business tax rate to businesses with more than $50,000 in annual passive income. Exempt spouses from taxes on split income. Implement a 3% tax on revenue from online services of businesses that have one billion dollars of revenue worldwide and $50 million of revenue in Canada.
Green
Increase the corporate income tax from 15% to 21%. Increase the corporate income tax for banks from 15% to 26%. Implement a robot tax. Implement a 3% tax on revenue from online services of businesses that have one billion dollars of revenue worldwide and $40 million of revenue in Canada.
Liberal
Implement a 3% tax on revenue from online services of businesses that have one billion dollars of revenue worldwide and $40 million of revenue in Canada.
NDP
Increase the corporate income tax from 15% to 18%.
PPC
Reduce the corporate income tax rate from 15% to 10%. Extend the Accelerated Capital Cost Allowance to all sectors.
Taxation (Personal)
Taxation (Personal)
Issue
Taxation (Personal)
BQ
Implement a tax credit for recent graduates or immigrants who move to rural areas and work there.
Conservative
Eliminate the carbon tax. Reduce the 15% income tax bracket to 13.75%. Make EI benefits for new parents non taxable. Implement a 15% public transit pass tax credit. Implement a children's fitness and arts tax credit. Eliminate GST from residential energy bills. Lower the number of hours required for the volunteer firefighter supplies tax credit from 200 to 150. Increase the adoption expense tax credit to $20,000 and make it fully refundable.
Green
Remove exemptions from the carbon tax. Apply the entire carbon tax to all industries. Implement a wealth tax. Implement a tax on sugary drinks. Implement a 0.2% tax on financial transactions. Exempt medicinal cannabis from sales tax. Exempt zero-emission vehicles from sales tax.
Liberal
Raise the carbon tax by $10/tonne every year until it reaches $50/tonne. Raise the basic personal income tax deduction to $15,000. Implement a speculation tax on houses bought by non-residents. Implement a 10% tax on personal vehicles valued at $100,000 or more.
NDP
Remove exemptions from the carbon tax. Apply the entire carbon tax to all industries. Raise the capital gains inclusion from 50% to 75%. Raise the 33% income tax bracket to 35%. Implement a 1% wealth tax on wealth over $20,000,000. Implement a 15% tax on houses purchased by foreign buyers. Implement a 12% tax on personal vehicles valued at $100,000 or more.
PPC
Eliminate the carbon tax. Abolish the capital gains tax. Raise personal federal exemption to $15,000 Replace the current income tax brackets with two tax brackets. Tax income between $15,001 and $100,000 at 15% and income over $100,000 at 25%. Eliminate the federal sales tax.
Trade
Trade
Issue
Trade
Conservative
Ban the import of crude oil from Saudi Arabia.
Green
Remove the Investor-State Dispute Settlement provisions from trade agreements.
Liberal
Attempt to negotiate a free trade agreement with China.
PPC
Eliminate supply management for dairy, poultry and eggs.
Issue
BQ
Conservative
Green
Liberal
NDP
PPC
Business
Eliminate subsidies for fossil fuel businesses.
Eliminate subsidies for fossil fuel businesses. Eliminate subsidies for private media companies. For every new regulation imposed, eliminate two existing regulations.
Eliminate subsidies for fossil fuel businesses.
Eliminate subsidies for fossil fuel businesses.
Eliminate subsidies for fossil fuel businesses.
Eliminate all subsidies for businesses. Eliminate funding for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC).
Crown corporations
Privatize the Trans Mountain pipeline.
Increase funding for the CBC.
Increase funding for the CBC.
Privatize the Trans Mountain pipeline. Privatize Canada Post. Privatize the CBC.
Deficit
Balance the budget in five years.
Balance the budget in five years.
Balance the budget in twenty-one years.
Oppose the use of any austerity measures in pursuit of a balanced budget.
Balance the budget in two years.
Education
Increase federal RESP contributions from 20% to 30%.
Fully fund the cost of university tuition. Forgive federal student debts.
Remove interest from federal student loans.
Elections
Replace Canada's electoral system with proportional representation. Lower the voting age from 18 to 16.
Replace Canada's electoral system with proportional representation.
Energy
Oppose all pipeline construction.
Support the construction of the Trans Mountain pipeline expansion Support the construction of the Northern Gateway pipeline. Repeal Impact Assessment Act and Canadian Energy Regulator Act. Repeal Oil Tanker Moratorium Act.
Oppose all pipeline construction. Ban fracking. Stop all new fossil fuel projects.
Support the construction of the Trans Mountain pipeline expansion. Oppose the construction of the Northern Gateway pipeline.
Oppose all pipeline construction.
Repeal Impact Assessment Act and Canadian Energy Regulator Act. Repeal Oil Tanker Moratorium Act. Invoke section 92(10) of the constitution to declare pipelines in the national interest.
Environment
Ban neonicotinoid pesticides.
Cut corporate income taxes from 15% to 5% for green technology businesses. Ban the dumping of raw sewage into waterways. Require heavy emitters to invest in clean technology. Create a green-technology patent tax credit.
Ban neonicotinoid pesticides. Protect 30% of Canada's land and water by 2030. Ban non-renewable electricity sources by 2030.
Cut corporate income taxes from 15% to 7.5% for businesses selling zero-emission products. Protect 25% of Canada's land and water by 2025. Plant two billion trees by 2029. Ban some single use plastics.
Protect 30% of Canada's land and water by 2030. Ban some single use plastics. Ban non-renewable electricity sources by 2030.
Eliminate subsidies for green technology. Increase funding for climate change adaptation.
Firearms
Ban individuals with firearm licenses from owning handguns.
Classify firearms through legislation based on mechanical features and remove the RCMP's power to reclassify firearms. Repeal Bill C-71. Extend background checks on firearm licenses from five years to life.
Ban individuals with firearm licenses from owning semi-automatic firearms. Ban individuals with firearm licenses from owning handguns.
Allow municipalities to ban individuals with firearm licenses from owning handguns. Ban individuals with firearm licenses from owning AR-15s.
Allow municipalities to ban individuals with firearm licenses from owning handguns.
Classify firearms through legislation based on mechanical features and remove the RCMP's power to reclassify firearms. Make firearm licenses permanent.
Foreign
End ties to the British monarchy.
Withdraw from the United Nations Compact on Migration. Recognize Jerusalem as the capital of Israel. End the practice of using foreign aid money to fund abortions. Ban Huawei from participating in Canada's 5G networks. Withdraw Canada's $250 million contributions to China's Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. Stop sending foreign aid to countries with a Human Development Index over 0.6, which will reduce the foreign aid budget by 25%. Classify the Iran Revolutionary Guard Corps as a terrorist organization.
Stop selling weapons to Saudi Arabia. Increase foreign aid spending to 0.7% of gross national income. Sign and ratify The Treaty to Abolish Nuclear Weapons. Re-establish the Canadian International Development Agency. Increase funding to the Green Climate Fund and Global Environmental Facility to $4 billion per year.
Increase foreign aid spending to 0.7% of gross national income. Increase funding for the United Nations.
Stop selling weapons to Saudi Arabia. Increase foreign aid spending to 0.7 per cent of gross national income.
Withdraw from the United Nations Compact on Migration. Withdraw from the United Nations Paris Agreement on Climate Change. Stop pursuing a seat on the UN Security Council. Reduce annual foreign aid spending by $5 billion.
Health
Increase healthcare funding by at least 3% per year.
Introduce government funding for prescription medications. Introduce government funding for dental care for low-income individuals.
Increase healthcare funding by at least 3% per year.
Introduce government funding for prescription medications. Introduce government funding for dental care.
Housing
Increase funding for social housing in Quebec.
Increase the amortization period for insured mortgages to 30 years for first-time buyers.
Appoint a Minister of Housing. Eliminate the first-time home buyer incentive.
Increase the amount first-time homebuyers are allowed to withdraw from their RRSPs from $25,000 to $35,000.
Build 500,000 social housing units. Fund up to $5,000 in rental subsidies for 500,000 low-income households.
Labour
Ban government workers in positions of authority from wearing visible religious symbols while working.
Raise the federal minimum wage to $15. Ban non-credit unpaid internships.
Raise the federal minimum wage to $15.
Raise the federal minimum wage to $15. Ban non-credit unpaid internships.
Legal
Increase funding for the Youth Gang Prevention Fund by 25%. Impose a mandatory prison sentence of five years for possession of a smuggled firearm. Impose a prison sentence of up to fourteen years for diverting firearms into the hands of criminals. Require individuals on parole to cut ties with gangs. List crime and gang organizations in the Criminal Code. Impose a mandatory prison sentence of five-year sentence for ordering or participating in violent criminal activity. Impose a mandatory prison sentence for directing gang crime. Start a judicial inquiry into the SNC-Lavalin scandal. Enable the RCMP to seek access information protected by cabinet confidence by making an application to the Supreme Court of Canada.
Decriminalize all drug possession. Eliminate mandatory minimum sentences. End solitary confinement in prisons. Ban consensual sexuality conversion therapy. Legalize prostitution.
Provide free legal aid to survivors of sexual assault and domestic violence. Only appoint bilingual Supreme Court judges. Establish an independent Criminal Case Review Commission to review wrongfully convicted applications. Require all judges to undertake mandatory training on sexual assault law. Require judges to take training about unconscious bias and cultural competency for all judges. Make drug treatment court the default sentence for first-time offenders charged exclusively with drug possession. Ban consensual sexuality conversion therapy.
Expunge the criminal records of people guilty of minor cannabis possession. Implement a national ban on carding. Only appoint bilingual Supreme Court judges. Appoint Supreme Court judges to represent Quebec. Ban consensual sexuality conversion therapy for minors.
Immigration
Eliminate the Safe Third Country agreement to allow Americans to apply for refugee status in Canada. Give Quebec control over its immigration policies. Exempt Quebec from the Multiculturalism Act.
Prevent American residents from applying for asylum or refugee status in Canada.
Eliminate the Safe Third Country agreement to allow Americans to apply for refugee status in Canada. Eliminate the Temporary Foreign Workers Program and replace it with more permanent immigrants.
Increase the number of new immigrants from 310,000 per year to 350,000 per year by 2021.
Eliminate the Safe Third Country agreement to allow Americans to apply for refugee status in Canada. Eliminate the cap on sponsoring parents and grandparents.
Reduce the number of new immigrants from 310,000 per year to 150,000 per year. Increase the proportion of economic immigrants. End reliance on UN for refugee selection. Repeal the Multiculturalism Act. End all funding to promote multiculturalism. Require new immigrants to pass a test about Canadian values. Declare the whole border an official port of entry to end exemptions for illegal border crossers. Ban birth tourism.
Indigenous
Implement UNDRIP.
Appoint a minister for "consulting Indigenous rights holders."
Implement UNDRIP. Repeal and replace the Indian Act.
Implement UNDRIP.
Implement UNDRIP.
Repeal and replace the Indian Act.
Military
Seek to join the U.S. ballistic missile defence system.
Do not use autonomous weapons.
Reinstate the veteran disability pension as previously provided by the Pension Act.
Provinces and Territories
Seek sovereignty for Quebec. Merge Quebec's federal and provincial tax returns into one tax return.
Appoint a Minister of Internal Trade. Eliminate interprovincial trade restrictions. Merge Quebec's federal and provincial tax returns into one tax return.
Allow unions to initiate trade disputes.
Appoint a Minister of Internal Trade. Reduce equalization payments. Eliminate federal funding for areas under provincial jurisdiction. Use section 91(2) of the constitution to eliminate interprovincial trade restrictions.
Senate
Appoint senators who are members of the Conservative Party of Canada.
Appoint independent senators.
Abolish the Senate.
Speech
Withhold grants from universities that refuse to allow free speech on campus.
Withhold grants from universities that refuse to allow free speech on campus. Repeal M-103. Repeal C-16.
Taxation (Business)
Implement a 3% tax on revenue from online services.
Expand the small business tax rate to businesses with more than $50,000 in annual passive income. Exempt spouses from taxes on split income. Implement a 3% tax on revenue from online services of businesses that have one billion dollars of revenue worldwide and $50 million of revenue in Canada.
Increase the corporate income tax from 15% to 21%. Increase the corporate income tax for banks from 15% to 26%. Implement a robot tax. Implement a 3% tax on revenue from online services of businesses that have one billion dollars of revenue worldwide and $40 million of revenue in Canada.
Implement a 3% tax on revenue from online services of businesses that have one billion dollars of revenue worldwide and $40 million of revenue in Canada.
Increase the corporate income tax from 15% to 18%.
Reduce the corporate income tax rate from 15% to 10%. Extend the Accelerated Capital Cost Allowance to all sectors.
Taxation (Personal)
Implement a tax credit for recent graduates or immigrants who move to rural areas and work there.
Eliminate the carbon tax. Reduce the 15% income tax bracket to 13.75%. Make EI benefits for new parents non taxable. Implement a 15% public transit pass tax credit. Implement a children's fitness and arts tax credit. Eliminate GST from residential energy bills. Lower the number of hours required for the volunteer firefighter supplies tax credit from 200 to 150. Increase the adoption expense tax credit to $20,000 and make it fully refundable.
Remove exemptions from the carbon tax. Apply the entire carbon tax to all industries. Implement a wealth tax. Implement a tax on sugary drinks. Implement a 0.2% tax on financial transactions. Exempt medicinal cannabis from sales tax. Exempt zero-emission vehicles from sales tax.
Raise the carbon tax by $10/tonne every year until it reaches $50/tonne. Raise the basic personal income tax deduction to $15,000. Implement a speculation tax on houses bought by non-residents. Implement a 10% tax on personal vehicles valued at $100,000 or more.
Remove exemptions from the carbon tax. Apply the entire carbon tax to all industries. Raise the capital gains inclusion from 50% to 75%. Raise the 33% income tax bracket to 35%. Implement a 1% wealth tax on wealth over $20,000,000. Implement a 15% tax on houses purchased by foreign buyers. Implement a 12% tax on personal vehicles valued at $100,000 or more.
Eliminate the carbon tax. Abolish the capital gains tax. Raise personal federal exemption to $15,000 Replace the current income tax brackets with two tax brackets. Tax income between $15,001 and $100,000 at 15% and income over $100,000 at 25%. Eliminate the federal sales tax.
Trade
Ban the import of crude oil from Saudi Arabia.
Remove the Investor-State Dispute Settlement provisions from trade agreements.
Attempt to negotiate a free trade agreement with China.
Eliminate supply management for dairy, poultry and eggs.
2019 Canadian general election debates · Leaders' debates
Liberals
Liberals
Date
Liberals
Organizers
Conservatives
Location
NDP
Language
Green
Moderator
Bloc
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
People's
September 12, 2019
September 12, 2019
Date
September 12, 2019
Organizers
Maclean's and Citytv
Location
Toronto
Language
English
Moderator
Paul Wells
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
A
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
P Scheer
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
P Singh
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
P May
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
N
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
N
October 1, 2019
October 1, 2019
Date
October 1, 2019
Organizers
Munk Debates
Location
Roy Thomson Hall, Toronto
Language
Bilingual
Moderator
Rudyard Griffiths
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
Cancelled
October 2, 2019
October 2, 2019
Date
October 2, 2019
Organizers
TVA
Location
Montreal
Language
French
Moderator
Pierre Bruneau
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
P Trudeau
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
P Scheer
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
P Singh
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
N
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
P Blanchet
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
N
October 7, 2019
October 7, 2019
Date
October 7, 2019
Organizers
Leaders' Debates Commission
Location
Canadian Museum of History, Gatineau
Language
English
Moderator
Rosemary Barton, Susan Delacourt, Dawna Friesen, Lisa LaFlamme, Althia Raj
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
P Trudeau
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
P Scheer
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
P Singh
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
P May
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
P Blanchet
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
P Bernier
October 10, 2019
October 10, 2019
Date
October 10, 2019
Organizers
Leaders' Debates Commission
Location
Canadian Museum of History, Gatineau
Language
French
Moderator
Patrice Roy
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
P Trudeau
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
P Scheer
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
P Singh
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
P May
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
P Blanchet
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
P Bernier
October 16, 2019
October 16, 2019
Date
October 16, 2019
Organizers
University of Ottawa
Location
Ottawa
Language
English
P  Participant  A  Absent invitee  N  Non-invitee
Cancelled
Date
Organizers
Location
Language
Moderator
P Participant A Absent invitee N Non-invitee
Source
Liberals
Conservatives
NDP
Green
Bloc
People's
September 12, 2019
Maclean's and Citytv
Toronto
English
Paul Wells
A
P Scheer
P Singh
P May
N
N
October 1, 2019
Munk Debates
Roy Thomson Hall, Toronto
Bilingual
Rudyard Griffiths
Cancelled
October 2, 2019
TVA
Montreal
French
Pierre Bruneau
P Trudeau
P Scheer
P Singh
N
P Blanchet
N
October 7, 2019
Leaders' Debates Commission
Canadian Museum of History, Gatineau
English
Rosemary Barton, Susan Delacourt, Dawna Friesen, Lisa LaFlamme, Althia Raj
P Trudeau
P Scheer
P Singh
P May
P Blanchet
P Bernier
October 10, 2019
Leaders' Debates Commission
Canadian Museum of History, Gatineau
French
Patrice Roy
P Trudeau
P Scheer
P Singh
P May
P Blanchet
P Bernier
October 16, 2019
University of Ottawa
Ottawa
English
Cancelled
Summary of the 2019 Canadian federal election – Elections Canada · Results
2015
2015
Party
2015
Party
Dissol.
Party leader
2019
Candidates
% changefrom dissolution
Seats
% seats
Seats
Votes
Seats
Votechange
Seats
%
Seats
pp change
Popular vote
% whererunning
Total valid votes
Total valid votes
Party
Total valid votes
Party
Party leader
Candidates
Seats
Seats
Seats
Seats
18,170,880
Seats
+579,412
Popular vote
100.00%
Popular vote
Popular vote
Blank and invalid votes
Blank and invalid votes
Party
Blank and invalid votes
Party
Party leader
Candidates
Seats
Seats
Seats
Seats
179,479
Seats
+58,964
Popular vote
0.98%
Popular vote
+0.30pp
Popular vote
Total
Total
Party
Total
Party
2,146
Party leader
338
Candidates
338
Seats
338
Seats
Seats
100.00%
Seats
18,350,359
Seats
+580,480
Popular vote
100.00%
Popular vote
Popular vote
100.00%
Registered voters/turnout
Registered voters/turnout
Party
Registered voters/turnout
Party
Party leader
Candidates
Seats
Seats
Seats
Seats
27,373,058
Seats
+1,433,316
Popular vote
67.03%
Popular vote
−1.25pp
Popular vote
Source: Elections Canada (Official Voting Results)
Source: Elections Canada (Official Voting Results)
Party
Source: Elections Canada (Official Voting Results)
Party
Party leader
Candidates
Seats
Popular vote
2015
Dissol.
2019
% changefrom dissolution
% seats
Votes
Votechange
%
pp change
% whererunning
Liberal
Justin Trudeau
338
184
177
157
−11.30%
46.45%
6,018,728
−924,209
33.12%
−6.34pp
33.12%
Conservative
Andrew Scheer
338
99
95
121
+27.37%
35.80%
6,239,227
+625,594
34.34%
+2.43pp
34.34%
Bloc Québécois
Yves-François Blanchet
78
10
10
32
+220.00%
9.47%
1,387,030
+565,886
7.63%
+2.97pp
32.37%
New Democratic
Jagmeet Singh
338
44
39
24
−38.46%
7.10%
2,903,722
−565,646
15.98%
−3.74pp
15.98%
Green
Elizabeth May
338
1
2
3
+50.00%
0.89%
1,189,607
+586,674
6.55%
+3.12pp
6.55%
Independent and No Affiliation
125
0
8
1
−87.50%
0.30%
74,291
+24,675
0.41%
+0.13pp
1.51%
People's
Maxime Bernier
315
1
0
−100.00%
0.00%
294,092
1.62%
1.70%
Christian Heritage
Rod Taylor
51
0
0
0
18,901
+3,669
0.10%
+0.02pp
0.70%
Rhinoceros
Sébastien CoRhino
39
0
0
0
9,538
+2,275
0.05%
+0.01pp
0.45%
Libertarian
Tim Moen
24
0
0
0
8,367
−28,408
0.05%
−0.16pp
0.60%
Veterans Coalition
Randy David Joy
25
0
0
6,300
0.03%
0.45%
Animal Alliance
Liz White
17
0
0
0
4,408
+2,709
0.02%
+0.01pp
0.44%
Marxist–Leninist
Anna Di Carlo
50
0
0
0
4,124
−4,714
0.02%
−0.03pp
0.15%
Communist
Elizabeth Rowley
30
0
0
0
3,905
−488
0.02%
0.22%
Pour l'Indépendance du Québec
Michel Blondin
13
0
0
3,815
0.02%
0.49%
Progressive Canadian
Joe Hueglin
3
0
0
0
1,534
−2,942
0.01%
−0.02pp
0.83%
Marijuana
Blair Longley
4
0
0
0
920
−637
0.01%
−0.01pp
0.45%
Canada's Fourth Front
Partap Dua
7
0
0
682
0.00%
0.20%
United Party
Carlton Darby
4
0
0
602
0.00%
0.32%
National Citizens Alliance
Stephen J. Garvey
4
0
0
510
0.00%
0.27%
Stop Climate Change
Ken Ranney
2
0
0
296
0.00%
0.23%
Canadian Nationalist
Travis Patron
3
0
0
281
0.00%
0.20%
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
1
Vacant
5
Total valid votes
18,170,880
+579,412
100.00%
Blank and invalid votes
179,479
+58,964
0.98%
+0.30pp
Total
2,146
338
338
338
100.00%
18,350,359
+580,480
100.00%
100.00%
Registered voters/turnout
27,373,058
+1,433,316
67.03%
−1.25pp
Source: Elections Canada (Official Voting Results)
Distribution of seats and popular vote %, by party by province/territory (2019) · Results › Results by province
Vote:
Vote:
Party name
Vote:
Party name
26.2
Party name
13.8
BC
11.7
AB
26.5
SK
41.6
MB
34.3
ON
37.5
QC
41.4
NB
43.7
NS
44.9
PE
33.5
NL
39.7
YT
30.9
NT
33.1
Vote:
Vote:
Party name
Vote:
Party name
34.0
Party name
69.0
BC
64.0
AB
45.2
SK
33.1
MB
16.0
ON
32.8
QC
25.7
NB
27.3
NS
27.9
PE
32.7
NL
25.5
YT
26.1
NT
34.3
Vote:
Vote:
Party name
Vote:
Party name
24.4
Party name
11.6
BC
19.6
AB
20.8
SK
16.8
MB
10.8
ON
9.4
QC
18.9
NB
7.6
NS
23.7
PE
22.0
NL
22.3
YT
40.8
NT
16.0
Vote:
Vote:
Party name
Vote:
Party name
32.4
Party name
7.6
Vote:
Vote:
Party name
Vote:
Party name
12.5
Party name
2.8
BC
2.6
AB
5.1
SK
6.2
MB
4.5
ON
17.2
QC
11.0
NB
20.9
NS
3.1
PE
10.5
NL
10.6
YT
2.2
NT
6.5
Vote:
Vote:
Party name
Vote:
Party name
1.7
Party name
2.2
BC
1.8
AB
1.7
SK
1.6
MB
1.5
ON
2.0
QC
1.2
NB
NS
0.1
PE
1.4
NL
1.8
YT
NT
1.6>
Vote:
Vote:
Party name
Vote:
Party name
1.3
Party name
0.5
BC
0.2
AB
0.6
SK
0.2
MB
0.1
ON
1.1
QC
1.8
NB
0.5
NS
0.2
PE
NL
YT
NT
0.2
Seats:
Seats:
Party name
Seats:
Party name
42
Party name
34
BC
14
AB
14
SK
121
MB
78
ON
10
QC
11
NB
4
NS
7
PE
1
NL
1
YT
1
NT
338
Party name
BC
AB
SK
MB
ON
QC
NB
NS
PE
NL
YT
NT
NU
Total
Liberal
Seats:
11
4
79
35
6
10
4
6
1
1
157
Vote:
26.2
13.8
11.7
26.5
41.6
34.3
37.5
41.4
43.7
44.9
33.5
39.7
30.9
33.1
Conservative
Seats:
17
33
14
7
36
10
3
1
121
Vote:
34.0
69.0
64.0
45.2
33.1
16.0
32.8
25.7
27.3
27.9
32.7
25.5
26.1
34.3
NDP
Seats:
11
1
3
6
1
1
1
24
Vote:
24.4
11.6
19.6
20.8
16.8
10.8
9.4
18.9
7.6
23.7
22.0
22.3
40.8
16.0
Bloc Québécois
Seats:
32
32
Vote:
32.4
7.6
Green
Seats:
2
1
3
Vote:
12.5
2.8
2.6
5.1
6.2
4.5
17.2
11.0
20.9
3.1
10.5
10.6
2.2
6.5
People's
Seats:
Vote:
1.7
2.2
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.5
2.0
1.2
0.1
1.4
1.8
1.6>
Independents and minor parties
Seats:
1
1
Vote:
1.3
0.5
0.2
0.6
0.2
0.1
1.1
1.8
0.5
0.2
0.2
Seats:
42
34
14
14
121
78
10
11
4
7
1
1
1
338
· Results › Canadian Election Study › Demographics
Total Vote
Total Vote
Demographic Subgroup
Total Vote
LPC
33.1
CPC
34.3
NDP
16.0
BQC
7.6
GPC
6.5
PPC
1.6
Other
0.2
Sample
10,337
Gender
Gender
Demographic Subgroup
Gender
Men
Men
Demographic Subgroup
Men
LPC
32.6
CPC
37.6
NDP
12.0
BQC
9.4
GPC
5.4
PPC
1.7
Other
1.2
Sample
3,901
Women
Women
Demographic Subgroup
Women
LPC
33.7
CPC
31.3
NDP
19.7
BQC
5.9
GPC
7.6
PPC
1.5
Other
0.3
Sample
4,058
Age
Age
Demographic Subgroup
Age
18-29
18-29
Demographic Subgroup
18-29
LPC
34.8
CPC
22.7
NDP
28.3
BQC
4.9
GPC
7.7
PPC
1.6
Other
0.0
Sample
1,101
30-39
30-39
Demographic Subgroup
30-39
LPC
33.3
CPC
30.8
NDP
19.2
BQC
6.0
GPC
7.0
PPC
2.9
Other
0.7
Sample
1,551
40-49
40-49
Demographic Subgroup
40-49
LPC
30.2
CPC
36.1
NDP
16.0
BQC
6.7
GPC
7.9
PPC
1.7
Other
1.4
Sample
1,275
50-59
50-59
Demographic Subgroup
50-59
LPC
32.0
CPC
36.0
NDP
13.3
BQC
8.9
GPC
6.8
PPC
1.8
Other
1.2
Sample
1,247
60-69
60-69
Demographic Subgroup
60-69
LPC
33.4
CPC
38.0
NDP
11.3
BQC
10.7
GPC
5.1
PPC
1.0
Other
0.6
Sample
1,577
70-79
70-79
Demographic Subgroup
70-79
LPC
35.4
CPC
37.6
NDP
10.4
BQC
10.2
GPC
5.2
PPC
0.7
Other
0.7
Sample
738
80+
80+
Demographic Subgroup
80+
LPC
34.9
CPC
46.1
NDP
8.8
BQC
4.5
GPC
5.1
PPC
0.4
Other
0.3
Sample
494
Language
Language
Demographic Subgroup
Language
English
English
Demographic Subgroup
English
LPC
34.2
CPC
38.2
NDP
17.3
BQC
0.8
GPC
7.0
PPC
1.6
Other
0.8
Sample
6,656
French
French
Demographic Subgroup
French
LPC
27.8
CPC
15.0
NDP
9.4
BQC
41.8
GPC
4.1
PPC
1.7
Other
0.3
Sample
1,327
Highest Education Attainment
Highest Education Attainment
Demographic Subgroup
Highest Education Attainment
High School or Less
High School or Less
Demographic Subgroup
High School or Less
LPC
29.5
CPC
36.0
NDP
15.1
BQC
10.1
GPC
6.6
PPC
1.9
Other
0.7
Sample
3,982
College
College
Demographic Subgroup
College
LPC
30.5
CPC
37.6
NDP
17.7
BQC
5.3
GPC
6.5
PPC
1.7
Other
0.6
Sample
1,824
University
University
Demographic Subgroup
University
LPC
41.9
CPC
28.4
NDP
16.1
BQC
5.0
GPC
6.5
PPC
1.1
Other
1.0
Sample
2,169
Religion
Religion
Demographic Subgroup
Religion
Atheist
Atheist
Demographic Subgroup
Atheist
LPC
32.6
CPC
27.3
NDP
21.4
BQC
7.6
GPC
9.1
PPC
1.3
Other
0.7
Sample
2,231
Agnostic
Agnostic
Demographic Subgroup
Agnostic
LPC
34.5
CPC
22.4
NDP
23.7
BQC
4.6
GPC
11.1
PPC
3.2
Other
0.6
Sample
523
Buddhist
Buddhist
Demographic Subgroup
Buddhist
LPC
35.3
CPC
24.6
NDP
30.0
BQC
1.2
GPC
4.4
PPC
1.8
Other
2.6
Sample
73
Hindu
Hindu
Demographic Subgroup
Hindu
LPC
39.7
CPC
36.2
NDP
13.5
BQC
0.0
GPC
10.6
PPC
0.0
Other
0.0
Sample
37
Jewish
Jewish
Demographic Subgroup
Jewish
LPC
46.2
CPC
43.2
NDP
7.9
BQC
0.0
GPC
1.9
PPC
0.8
Other
0.0
Sample
112
Muslim/Islam
Muslim/Islam
Demographic Subgroup
Muslim/Islam
LPC
81.1
CPC
10.0
NDP
8.1
BQC
0.0
GPC
0.8
PPC
0.0
Other
0.0
Sample
115
Sikh
Sikh
Demographic Subgroup
Sikh
LPC
50.6
CPC
22.3
NDP
23.2
BQC
0.0
GPC
2.0
PPC
1.9
Other
0.0
Sample
37
Christian
Christian
Demographic Subgroup
Christian
LPC
31.9
CPC
39.5
NDP
12.5
BQC
9.3
GPC
4.7
PPC
1.5
Other
0.6
Sample
4,274
Catholic
Catholic
Demographic Subgroup
Catholic
LPC
34.5
CPC
31.3
NDP
12.2
BQC
16.2
GPC
4.0
PPC
1.1
Other
0.6
Sample
2,297
Protestant & Other Christian
Protestant & Other Christian
Demographic Subgroup
Protestant & Other Christian
LPC
28.8
CPC
48.9
NDP
12.8
BQC
1.4
GPC
5.4
PPC
1.9
Other
0.7
Sample
1,977
Other Religion
Other Religion
Demographic Subgroup
Other Religion
LPC
30.7
CPC
36.1
NDP
14.4
BQC
1.6
GPC
8.9
PPC
4.0
Other
4.2
Sample
231
Ethnicity
Ethnicity
Demographic Subgroup
Ethnicity
Indigenous
Indigenous
Demographic Subgroup
Indigenous
LPC
26.6
CPC
36.8
NDP
25.2
BQC
2.1
GPC
6.3
PPC
1.6
Other
1.4
Sample
390
European
European
Demographic Subgroup
European
LPC
31.7
CPC
34.1
NDP
15.8
BQC
9.3
GPC
6.5
PPC
1.7
Other
0.9
Sample
6,272
Chinese
Chinese
Demographic Subgroup
Chinese
LPC
40.7
CPC
39.9
NDP
9.8
BQC
0.4
GPC
8.3
PPC
0.3
Other
0.6
Sample
278
Hispanic
Hispanic
Demographic Subgroup
Hispanic
LPC
46.6
CPC
25.2
NDP
14.6
BQC
0.6
GPC
9.4
PPC
1.5
Other
2.1
Sample
86
Indian
Indian
Demographic Subgroup
Indian
LPC
52.7
CPC
30.9
NDP
12.4
BQC
0.0
GPC
2.0
PPC
1.9
Other
0.0
Sample
120
Other
Other
Demographic Subgroup
Other
LPC
39.1
CPC
30.7
NDP
19.0
BQC
1.0
GPC
7.4
PPC
1.9
Other
0.9
Sample
1,071
Income
Income
Demographic Subgroup
Income
0-30,000
0-30,000
Demographic Subgroup
0-30,000
LPC
31.8
CPC
27.1
NDP
20.3
BQC
9.5
GPC
8.5
PPC
2.6
Other
0.3
Sample
1,161
30,001-60,000
30,001-60,000
Demographic Subgroup
30,001-60,000
LPC
32.8
CPC
31.0
NDP
16.9
BQC
9.3
GPC
7.6
PPC
1.7
Other
0.8
Sample
2,038
60,001-90,000
60,001-90,000
Demographic Subgroup
60,001-90,000
LPC
32.0
CPC
36.6
NDP
15.2
BQC
8.6
GPC
5.6
PPC
1.2
Other
0.7
Sample
1,848
90,001-110,000
90,001-110,000
Demographic Subgroup
90,001-110,000
LPC
33.6
CPC
36.2
NDP
17.6
BQC
4.4
GPC
5.6
PPC
2.0
Other
0.5
Sample
806
110,001-150,000
110,001-150,000
Demographic Subgroup
110,001-150,000
LPC
36.3
CPC
38.2
NDP
12.5
BQC
5.6
GPC
6.0
PPC
1.2
Other
0.3
Sample
1,004
150,001-200,000
150,001-200,000
Demographic Subgroup
150,001-200,000
LPC
35.1
CPC
41.1
NDP
9.7
BQC
4.4
GPC
5.8
PPC
2.0
Other
1.8
Sample
402
>200,000
>200,000
Demographic Subgroup
>200,000
LPC
33.4
CPC
42.2
NDP
8.6
BQC
5.6
GPC
5.9
PPC
0.4
Other
4.1
Sample
235
Home Ownership
Home Ownership
Demographic Subgroup
Home Ownership
Own a residence
Own a residence
Demographic Subgroup
Own a residence
LPC
32.5
CPC
38.9
NDP
13.3
BQC
6.9
GPC
6.1
PPC
1.4
Other
0.8
Sample
5,483
Don't own a residence
Don't own a residence
Demographic Subgroup
Don't own a residence
LPC
34.5
CPC
24.3
NDP
21.8
BQC
9.2
GPC
7.4
PPC
2.0
Other
0.7
Sample
2,500
Do you live in...
Do you live in...
Demographic Subgroup
Do you live in...
A rural area or village
A rural area or village
Demographic Subgroup
A rural area or village
LPC
24.4
CPC
45.0
NDP
13.3
BQC
5.7
GPC
7.5
PPC
2.2
Other
1.9
Sample
849
A town
A town
Demographic Subgroup
A town
LPC
26.0
CPC
37.8
NDP
15.8
BQC
11.4
GPC
6.4
PPC
2.2
Other
0.5
Sample
1,059
A suburb
A suburb
Demographic Subgroup
A suburb
LPC
39.1
CPC
31.1
NDP
14.1
BQC
7.4
GPC
6.6
PPC
1.3
Other
0.5
Sample
908
A city
A city
Demographic Subgroup
A city
LPC
36.2
CPC
31.4
NDP
17.9
BQC
6.1
GPC
6.4
PPC
1.3
Other
0.8
Sample
1,875
Marital Status
Marital Status
Demographic Subgroup
Marital Status
Married
Married
Demographic Subgroup
Married
LPC
32.4
CPC
41.9
NDP
12.6
BQC
4.8
GPC
5.8
PPC
1.7
Other
0.7
Sample
3,663
Not Married
Not Married
Demographic Subgroup
Not Married
LPC
33.7
CPC
27.8
NDP
18.7
BQC
10.1
GPC
7.2
PPC
1.6
Other
0.8
Sample
4,276
Do you have children?
Do you have children?
Demographic Subgroup
Do you have children?
Yes
Yes
Demographic Subgroup
Yes
LPC
30.9
CPC
39.8
NDP
12.9
BQC
8.1
GPC
5.8
PPC
1.6
Other
0.9
Sample
4,607
No
No
Demographic Subgroup
No
LPC
36.1
CPC
26.7
NDP
20.4
BQC
6.9
GPC
7.6
PPC
1.7
Other
0.6
Sample
3,343
Employment
Employment
Demographic Subgroup
Employment
Full-time
Full-time
Demographic Subgroup
Full-time
LPC
33.2
CPC
34.1
NDP
16.3
BQC
7.3
GPC
6.4
PPC
1.5
Other
1.1
Sample
3,476
Part-time
Part-time
Demographic Subgroup
Part-time
LPC
37.1
CPC
28.3
NDP
19.2
BQC
5.8
GPC
7.7
PPC
1.7
Other
0.3
Sample
618
Self employed
Self employed
Demographic Subgroup
Self employed
LPC
31.6
CPC
38.5
NDP
11.7
BQC
4.9
GPC
9.5
PPC
3.4
Other
0.4
Sample
459
Retired
Retired
Demographic Subgroup
Retired
LPC
33.7
CPC
38.6
NDP
10.9
BQC
10.2
GPC
5.0
PPC
0.9
Other
0.7
Sample
2,197
Unemployed
Unemployed
Demographic Subgroup
Unemployed
LPC
28.5
CPC
33.6
NDP
21.5
BQC
3.9
GPC
8.0
PPC
4.1
Other
0.3
Sample
286
Student
Student
Demographic Subgroup
Student
LPC
32.4
CPC
15.8
NDP
34.1
BQC
6.7
GPC
10.7
PPC
0.3
Other
0.0
Sample
229
Caregiver/Homemaker
Caregiver/Homemaker
Demographic Subgroup
Caregiver/Homemaker
LPC
22.6
CPC
39.7
NDP
20.3
BQC
6.4
GPC
6.7
PPC
4.2
Other
0.0
Sample
244
Disabled
Disabled
Demographic Subgroup
Disabled
LPC
32.2
CPC
31.8
NDP
20.1
BQC
6.3
GPC
6.8
PPC
2.1
Other
0.8
Sample
260
Do you belong to a union?
Do you belong to a union?
Demographic Subgroup
Do you belong to a union?
Yes
Yes
Demographic Subgroup
Yes
LPC
34.3
CPC
28.6
NDP
21.5
BQC
7.3
GPC
6.1
PPC
1.5
Other
0.8
Sample
1,470
No
No
Demographic Subgroup
No
LPC
32.9
CPC
35.8
NDP
14.6
BQC
7.7
GPC
6.7
PPC
1.6
Other
0.8
Sample
6,468
Demographic Subgroup
LPC
CPC
NDP
BQC
GPC
PPC
Other
Sample
Total Vote
33.1
34.3
16.0
7.6
6.5
1.6
0.2
10,337
Gender
Men
32.6
37.6
12.0
9.4
5.4
1.7
1.2
3,901
Women
33.7
31.3
19.7
5.9
7.6
1.5
0.3
4,058
Age
18-29
34.8
22.7
28.3
4.9
7.7
1.6
0.0
1,101
30-39
33.3
30.8
19.2
6.0
7.0
2.9
0.7
1,551
40-49
30.2
36.1
16.0
6.7
7.9
1.7
1.4
1,275
50-59
32.0
36.0
13.3
8.9
6.8
1.8
1.2
1,247
60-69
33.4
38.0
11.3
10.7
5.1
1.0
0.6
1,577
70-79
35.4
37.6
10.4
10.2
5.2
0.7
0.7
738
80+
34.9
46.1
8.8
4.5
5.1
0.4
0.3
494
Language
English
34.2
38.2
17.3
0.8
7.0
1.6
0.8
6,656
French
27.8
15.0
9.4
41.8
4.1
1.7
0.3
1,327
Highest Education Attainment
High School or Less
29.5
36.0
15.1
10.1
6.6
1.9
0.7
3,982
College
30.5
37.6
17.7
5.3
6.5
1.7
0.6
1,824
University
41.9
28.4
16.1
5.0
6.5
1.1
1.0
2,169
Religion
Atheist
32.6
27.3
21.4
7.6
9.1
1.3
0.7
2,231
Agnostic
34.5
22.4
23.7
4.6
11.1
3.2
0.6
523
Buddhist
35.3
24.6
30.0
1.2
4.4
1.8
2.6
73
Hindu
39.7
36.2
13.5
0.0
10.6
0.0
0.0
37
Jewish
46.2
43.2
7.9
0.0
1.9
0.8
0.0
112
Muslim/Islam
81.1
10.0
8.1
0.0
0.8
0.0
0.0
115
Sikh
50.6
22.3
23.2
0.0
2.0
1.9
0.0
37
Christian
31.9
39.5
12.5
9.3
4.7
1.5
0.6
4,274
Catholic
34.5
31.3
12.2
16.2
4.0
1.1
0.6
2,297
Protestant & Other Christian
28.8
48.9
12.8
1.4
5.4
1.9
0.7
1,977
Other Religion
30.7
36.1
14.4
1.6
8.9
4.0
4.2
231
Ethnicity
Indigenous
26.6
36.8
25.2
2.1
6.3
1.6
1.4
390
European
31.7
34.1
15.8
9.3
6.5
1.7
0.9
6,272
Chinese
40.7
39.9
9.8
0.4
8.3
0.3
0.6
278
Hispanic
46.6
25.2
14.6
0.6
9.4
1.5
2.1
86
Indian
52.7
30.9
12.4
0.0
2.0
1.9
0.0
120
Other
39.1
30.7
19.0
1.0
7.4
1.9
0.9
1,071
Income
0-30,000
31.8
27.1
20.3
9.5
8.5
2.6
0.3
1,161
30,001-60,000
32.8
31.0
16.9
9.3
7.6
1.7
0.8
2,038
60,001-90,000
32.0
36.6
15.2
8.6
5.6
1.2
0.7
1,848
90,001-110,000
33.6
36.2
17.6
4.4
5.6
2.0
0.5
806
110,001-150,000
36.3
38.2
12.5
5.6
6.0
1.2
0.3
1,004
150,001-200,000
35.1
41.1
9.7
4.4
5.8
2.0
1.8
402
>200,000
33.4
42.2
8.6
5.6
5.9
0.4
4.1
235
Home Ownership
Own a residence
32.5
38.9
13.3
6.9
6.1
1.4
0.8
5,483
Don't own a residence
34.5
24.3
21.8
9.2
7.4
2.0
0.7
2,500
Summary of the 2019 Canadian Student Vote · Student vote results
Elected
Elected
Party
Elected
Party
%
Leader
Votes
Seats
%
Total
Total
Party
Total
Party
338 + 3
Leader
100.00
Seats
1,163,184
Seats
100.00
Source: Student Vote Canada
Source: Student Vote Canada
Party
Source: Student Vote Canada
Party
Leader
Seats
Popular vote
Elected
%
Votes
%
Liberal
Justin Trudeau
109
31.96
259,817
22.34
New Democratic
Jagmeet Singh
101
29.62
288,985
24.84
Conservative
Andrew Scheer
92
26.98
291,603
25.07
Green
Elizabeth May
27
7.92
210,314
18.08
Bloc Québécois
Yves-François Blanchet
12
3.52
16,181
1.39
People's
Maxime Bernier
0
0
48,310
4.15
Other
0
0
47,974
4.13
Total
338 + 3
100.00
1,163,184
100.00
Source: Student Vote Canada

References

  1. affiliation as at dissolution
  2. had also served as MP in 1988–1993, 1997–2009
  3. had also served as MP in 2004–2011
  4. announced retirement; died before election
  5. elected as NDP
  6. elected as Liberal
  7. elected as Conservative
  8. to seek treatment for addiction
  9. in order to seek the leadership of the Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta
  10. becoming Ambassador to the European Union
  11. becoming Ambassador to China
  12. amid allegations of sexual harassment
  13. former Minister of Public Services and Procurement
  14. following her entrance into the 2018 British Columbia Liberal Party leadership election
  15. over harassment allegations
  16. to run for Mayor of Vancouver
  17. as a result of a sexting scandal
  18. to seek treatment for a gambling addiction
  19. to run for the provincial district of Nanaimo
  20. amid the SNC-Lavalin affair
  21. dies due to cancer, while serving as a Conservative MP
  22. will run for Greens in 2019 Canadian federal election
  23. Not the incumbent, but stood in this seat and won.
  24. Does not include Pierre Nantel, who sat as an independent at the dissolution of Parliament, but ran as a Green Party can
  25. Following his removal from the NDP caucus, Pierre Nantel sat as an independent until the writ was dropped, but ran as a
  26. Erin Weir designated himself as a member of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation following his expulsion from the ND
  27. While the source is from 2015, this still applied to 2019
  28. Endorsed a Liberal minority with an NDP/Green balance of power
  29. Joint Liberal/BQ endorsement.
  30. Endorsed Heather McPherson, the NDP candidate in her riding of Edmonton-Strathcona
  31. The NDP changed their French slogan during the campaign. Prior to this one, they used "On se bat pour vous", which is "W
  32. The GPC changed their French slogan during the campaign. Prior to this one, they used "Ni à droite ni à gauche. Vers l'a
  33. According to Elections Canada rules, third parties are allowed to spend $1,023,400 in the pre-election period between Ju
  34. These are not all the third parties that spent money during the election
  35. The debate was cancelled due to Trudeau refusing to attend
  36. The debate was cancelled due to Scheer refusing to attend
  37. As the number of seats in the House of Commons has increased over time, in terms of share of seats in the House the Cons
  38. Some of the information (vote share and turnout) in the previous reference is not reflective of the final results
  39. Includes Heather Leung, who was ejected from the Conservative Party after candidate registration was closed.
  40. Includes Marthe Lépine, who was ejected by the party, and Michael Kalmanovitch, who publicly withdrew and threw his supp
  41. Does not include Pierre Nantel, who sat as an independent at the dissolution of Parliament, but ran as a Green Party can
  42. Includes Pierre Nantel, who ran as a candidate for the Green Party in the 2019 election.
  43. Erin Weir used this as his parliamentary affiliation after being ejected from the NDP; the CCF ceased to exist as a part
  44. "Forty-Third General Election 2019: Official Voting Results"
    https://www.elections.ca/res/rep/off/ovr2019app/51/table3E.html
  45. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/election-2019/canadian-federal-election-2019-liberals-justin-trudeau-win
  46. "Liberals take losses but win enough in Quebec and Ontario to form minority government"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/federal-election-results-2019-cbc-leaders-1.5329485
  47. The Gazette
    https://montrealgazette.com/news/local-news/bloc-quebecois-leadership-who-is-martine-ouellet
  48. "Embattled Bloc Québécois leader Martine Ouellet resigns"
    http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/martine-ouellet-steps-down-1.4690336
  49. "Yves-François Blanchet becomes Bloc Québécois leader"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/yves-fran-ois-blanchet-new-bloc-leader-1.4981556
  50. Ottawa Citizen
    https://ottawacitizen.com/news/politics/ndp-votes-for-leadership-review-mulcair-likely-out-as-leader
  51. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/article/ndp-chooses-young-charismatic-jagmeet-singh-as-new-leader/
  52. The Gazette
    https://montrealgazette.com/news/national/election-2019/bloc-quebecois-surge-puts-nationalism-back-on-the-federal-agenda
  53. Le Soleil
    https://www.lesoleil.com/actualite/politique/pierre-nantel-passe-au-parti-vert-30a51d2451a301faba83aa0a3636d259
  54. "PBO launches new service to cost out party platforms, despite the political risks"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/parliamentary-budget-officer-giroux-page-election-costing-parties-platform-netherlands-1.5100218
  55. Maclean's
    https://www.macleans.ca/politics/ottawa/trudeau-fixing-the-vote/
  56. CBC Player
    http://www.cbc.ca/player/play/2669555761
  57. "Electoral reform committee recommends referendum on proportional representation, but Liberals disagree"
    http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/wherry-electoral-reform-committee-1.3866879
  58. Ottawa Citizen
    https://ottawacitizen.com/news/politics/all-party-committee-recommends-proportional-voting-system-referendum
  59. "Opposition accuses Trudeau of 'betrayal' as Liberals abandon promise of electoral reform"
    http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/trudeau-electoral-reform-mandate-1.3961736
  60. Assessing Justin Trudeau's Liberal Government. 353 promises and a mandate for change
    https://www.pulaval.com/produit/assessing-justin-trudeau-s-liberal-government
  61. The Globe and Mail
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-new-book-examines-trudeau-governments-record-of-living-up-to-pledges/
  62. "Unions top funders of third party election ads, financial records show"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/elections/unions-third-party-ads-finance-1.5325330
  63. Elections Canada
    https://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=pol&document=index&dir=thi/limits&lang=e
  64. Elections Canada
    https://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=res&dir=ces&document=part6&lang=e
  65. Elections Canada
    https://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=pol&document=index&dir=thi/roadmap&lang=e
  66. Elections Canada
    https://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=pol&dir=thi&document=backgrounder&lang=e#q3
  67. Elections Canada
    https://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=pol&dir=thi/ec20227&document=p4&lang=e
  68. HuffPost
    https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/geng-tan-frank-baylis_ca_5d08145fe4b095327838dc30
  69. Truro Daily News
    http://www.trurodaily.com/news/local/bill-casey-plans-to-retire-next-year-241273/
  70. Cape Breton Post
    https://www.capebretonpost.com/news/local/cape-breton-canso-mp-rodger-cuzner-calls-it-a-career-305821/
  71. CBC Nova Scotia
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/sydney-victoria-mp-mark-eyking-won-t-reoffer-in-2019-fall-election-1.5016477
  72. Hill Times
    https://www.hilltimes.com/2018/10/03/read-new-books-former-gg-johnstons-ht-columnist-gurski-former-minister-lawrence-cannon/170938
  73. Vancouver Sun
    https://vancouversun.com/news/politics/west-vancouver-mp-pamela-goldsmith-jones-wont-seek-reelection
  74. "I have decided not to re-offer in the upcoming federal election. An open letter to my constituents: #nbpoli https://t.co/pOob7Qjo5k"
    https://x.com/TJHarveyLib/status/1097879735005339648
  75. "Liberal MP Andrew Leslie won't seek re-election this fall"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/andrew-leslie-not-seeking-re-election
  76. "Laval MP Eva Nassif 'pushed out' by Liberal Party riding president says"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/eva-nassif-resigns-liberal-1.5258811
  77. iPolitics
    https://ipolitics.ca/2019/02/27/ontario-liberal-mp-john-oliver-wont-seek-re-election/
  78. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/article/veteran-liberal-mp-denis-paradis-wont-seek-re-election-this-fall/
  79. The Auroran
    http://www.newspapers-online.com/auroran/?p=23368
  80. Thunder Bay News Watch
    https://www.tbnewswatch.com/local-news/rusnak-bows-out-of-2019-federal-election-1326246
  81. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/4593050/borys-wrzesnewskyj-leaving-etobicoke-centre/
  82. "Anderson announces he will not run in 2019"
    http://www.davidanderson.ca/anderson-announces-he-will-not-run-in-2019/
  83. "Eglinski not seeking re-election"
    http://rdnewsnow.com/article/567971/mp-jim-eglinski-wont-seek-re-election-2019
  84. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/opinion/john-ivison-shunned-values-crusader-kellie-leitchs-political-career-comes-to-its-inevitable-end
  85. Cornwall Seaway News
    https://www.cornwallseawaynews.com/news/regional/2019/1/26/mp-guy-lauzon-announces-his-retirement.html
  86. CTV News London
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/london/article/long-time-local-conservative-mp-calling-it-a-career/
  87. Niagara Falls Review
    https://www.niagarafallsreview.ca/news-story/9276106-niagara-falls-mp-rob-nicholson-will-not-seek-another-term/
  88. Barrie Today
    https://www.barrietoday.com/local-news/nuttall-will-not-seek-re-election-instead-focusing-on-family-1339438
  89. "Long-time Conservative MP Bev Shipley will not seek re-election"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/london/bev-shipley-mp-conservative-lambton-kent-middlesex-1.4739075
  90. "Dauphin-area MP Robert Sopuck won't run in 2019 election"
    http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/robert-sopuck-dauphin-mp-1.4651753
  91. "Sorenson Not Seeking Re-Election in 2019"
    https://www.drumhelleronline.com/local/sorenson-not-seeking-re-election-in-2019
  92. "Van Kesteren won't seek re-election" Archived January 7, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, London Free Press, January 5, 20
    https://lfpress.com/2018/01/05/long-time-chatham-conservative-mp-dave-van-kesteren-wont-seek-re-election
  93. Langley Times
    https://www.langleytimes.com/news/mark-warawa-wont-run-in-the-next-election/
  94. La Presse
    https://www.lapresse.ca/actualites/politique/politique-canadienne/201902/21/01-5215559-la-deputee-du-npd-marjolaine-boutin-sweet-ne-se-representera-pas-en-octobre.php
  95. "David Christopherson, long-time Hamilton Centre MP, says he won't run again"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/hamilton/david-christopherson-1.4735606
  96. "NDP MP Nathan Cullen isn't running again"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/ndp-mp-nathan-cullen-1.5039697
  97. The Georgia Straight
    https://www.straight.com/news/1175066/port-moody-coquitlam-mp-fin-donnelly-wont-seek-reelection-2019
  98. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/alberta-federal-ndp-linda-duncan-retire-1.4801671
  99. Le Devoir
    https://www.ledevoir.com/politique/canada/531978/npd
  100. "NDP MP Irene Mathyssen announces retirement"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/london/london-ontario-fanshawe-irene-mathyssen-1.4800242
  101. Anne Minh-Thu Quach
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190911141502/https://anneminhthuquach.ndp.ca/statement-from-anne-minh-thu-quach
  102. Bowen Island Undercurrent
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190813190110/https://www.bowenislandundercurrent.com/ndp-mp-christine-moore-decides-not-to-seek-re-election-this-fall-1.23848678
  103. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/article/ndp-mp-murray-rankin-not-running-in-2019/
  104. The Hill Times
    https://www.hilltimes.com/2018/07/02/parties-busy-laying-groundwork-2019-election-summer-cpc-already-ahead/149750
  105. "Regina MP Erin Weir won't run again"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/saskatchewan/erin-weir-2019-election-1.5142928
  106. Global News
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  107. "Tony Clement confirms he's quitting federal politics"
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  108. "Nunavut MP Hunter Tootoo won't seek re-election"
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  109. Toronto Star
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  110. "Conservative Glen Motz thanks Trudeau after winning Medicine Hat-Cardston-Warner byelection"
    http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/medicine-hat-byelection-1.3819924
  111. "Hunter Tootoo resigns as fisheries minister, leaves Liberal caucus"
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  112. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/article/liberal-mp-mauril-belanger-dies-at-61/
  113. "Stephen Harper gives up House of Commons seat"
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  114. "Jason Kenney to resign federal seat next week"
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  115. "Stéphane Dion accepts role as ambassador to EU and Germany, as he and John McCallum depart House"
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  116. "Rona Ambrose formally resigns as Conservative MP after serving for 13 years"
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  117. "Denis Lebel's departure to put Andrew Scheer's Conservative leadership to tough electoral test"
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  118. The Gazette
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  119. Toronto Star
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  120. Toronto Star
    https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2017/09/14/scarborough-mp-arnold-chan-dies-of-cancer.html
  121. "Toronto-area Liberal MP Arnold Chan dies at 50"
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  122. The Globe and Mail
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  123. The Telegram
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  124. "Dianne Watts enters BC Liberal leadership race, will resign as Tory MP"
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  125. CTV News
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  126. "Quebec member of Parliament Denis Lemieux resigns seat"
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  127. Journal De Quebec
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  128. The Globe and Mail
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  129. Toronto Star
    https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2018/02/28/seven-of-10-bloc-quebecois-mps-quit-caucus-in-protest-of-leader-martine-ouellet.html
  130. "Two of seven MPs who quit the Bloc Quebecois returning to the party"
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  131. "5 Bloc Québécois MPs who quit party returning to the fold"
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  132. "'Incredibly decent man': Conservative MP Gord Brown dies after heart attack in Parliament Hill office"
    http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/mp-gord-brown-heart-attack-1.4644739
  133. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/newsalert-conservatives-win-federal-byelection-in-eastern-ontario
  134. "MP Erin Weir expelled from NDP caucus after harassment investigation"
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  135. "Erin Weir declares himself a member of the CCF – a party that no longer exists"
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  136. "Former NDP leader Tom Mulcair leaving federal politics in June"
    http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/ndp-tom-mulcair-step-down-june-1.4455253
  137. "NDP Leader Jagmeet Singh claims victory in Burnaby South byelection"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/byelections-burnaby-south-york-simcoe-outremont-1.5033259
  138. "MP Maxime Bernier quits Conservative Party"
    http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/bernier-statement-conserative-1.4795894
  139. "Kennedy Stewart confirms he will run for mayor of Vancouver as independent"
    http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/kennedy-stewart-running-for-vancouver-mayor-1.4657199
  140. "Toronto-area Liberal MP Leona Alleslev crosses the floor to join Conservatives"
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  141. Toronto Star
    https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2018/07/29/peter-van-loan-former-house-leader-under-stephen-harper-retiring.html
  142. iPolitics
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  143. "Raj Grewal"
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  144. "Liberal MP Raj Grewal resigned to deal with gambling problem, PMO says"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/raj-grewal-resign-gambling-1.4918615
  145. "B.C. MP Sheila Malcolmson to leave federal NDP to seek provincial seat, but timing not clear"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/malcolmson-ndp-nanaimo-bc-1.4875932
  146. "Green Party wins federal byelection in Nanaimo-Ladysmith"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/nanaimo-ladysmith-byelection-1.5125549
  147. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/article/long-absent-liberal-mp-nicola-di-iorio-resigns/
  148. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/4931809/scott-brison-resigns-mp-kings-hants/
  149. "MP Celina Caesar-Chavannes quits Liberal caucus"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/liberal-mp-caesar-chavannes-caucus-1.5064544
  150. "Trudeau ejects Wilson-Raybould, Philpott from Liberal caucus"
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  151. The Gazette
    https://montrealgazette.com/news/local-news/ousted-from-the-ndp-longueuil-mp-nantel-to-run-for-the-green-party
  152. The Gazette
    https://montrealgazette.com/pmn/news-pmn/canada-news-pmn/ndp-removes-mp-as-candidate-who-was-in-discussions-with-another-party/wcm/1317b4fd-927e-424d-b53d-747a64fef4af
  153. CTV News
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  154. The Globe and Mail
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/former-pq-interim-leader-stephane-bedard-leaving-politics/article26925216/
  155. Ottawa Citizen
    https://ottawacitizen.com/news/politics/kady-lifting-the-curtain-on-harpers-covert-exit-strategy
  156. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/rona-ambrose-named-interim-leader-of-the-conservative-party-of-canada
  157. Global News
    http://globalnews.ca/news/2319232/canadas-parliament-will-reconvene-in-december/
  158. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/calgary/article/southern-alberta-mp-jim-hillyer-found-dead-in-his-office/
  159. "NDP votes in favour of holding new leadership race"
    http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/mulcair-ndp-leadership-1.3529013
  160. The Globe and Mail
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  161. ourcommons.ca
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190803021109/https://www.ourcommons.ca/Parliamentarians/en/members/1733?name=Harper%2C-Stephen-(Right-Hon)
  162. "Start-up party Strength in Democracy deregistered by Elections Canada"
    http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/grenier-strength-in-democracy-1.3755101
  163. "Taxpayers group miffed Kenney will collect MP perks this summer"
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  164. ourcommons.ca
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  165. ourcommons.ca
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  166. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/andrew-scheer-is-the-new-leader-of-the-conservative-party-of-canada
  167. ourcommons.ca
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190803021159/https://www.ourcommons.ca/Parliamentarians/en/members/25447?name=Ambrose%2C-Rona-(Hon)
  168. "NDP sets leadership convention for fall of 2017"
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  169. ourcommons.ca
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  170. "Bloc rebels announce new party name and abandon the separatist program"
    http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/new-party-quebec-debout-1.4655698
  171. ourcommons.ca
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190803021406/https://www.ourcommons.ca/Parliamentarians/en/members/26684?name=Mulcair%2C-Thomas-(Hon)
  172. "Bernier faces a challenge keeping racists out of his new party, says Stockwell Day"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/bernier-peoples-party-canada-1.4823647
  173. "As promised, I've submitted my resignation letter. I'll continue my MP duties until Sept 14 when I officially file as a #Vancouver mayoral candidate. It's been a great honour to serve my constituents for the last seven years. #ndp #vanpoli"
    https://x.com/kennedystewart/status/1025145722289569792
  174. ourcommons.ca
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190803021424/https://www.ourcommons.ca/Parliamentarians/en/members/25465?name=Van-Loan%2C-Peter-(Hon)
  175. Toronto Star
    https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2018/11/07/clement-booted-from-conservative-caucus-over-sexting-scandal.html
  176. "B.C. MP Mark Warawa dies after 'valiant battle' with cancer"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/mark-warawa-dead-cancer-1.5182705
  177. "Long-time Conservative MP Deepak Obhrai has died at age 69"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/long-time-conservative-mp-deepak-obhrai-has-died-at-age-69-1.5235730
  178. "Elizabeth May says she has been in talks with ejected NDP MP for 'some considerable time'"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/pierre-nantel-out-1.5250128
  179. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/article/former-ndp-mp-pierre-nantel-joins-the-green-party/
  180. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/5887668/2-maxime-bernier-candidates-rhinoceros/
  181. "It's official, Canadians: the 2019 federal election campaign is underway"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/election-campaign-starts-today-1.5277657
  182. "Elizabeth May says Green party is 're-vetting' candidates after anti-abortion comments come to light"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/green-party-re-vetting-candidates-abortion-quebec-1.5282892
  183. "Scheer says he will stand by candidates despite controversial comments in the past (including racist, and homophobic comments) as long as the candidate apologizes, and takes responsibility for said comments. He says each situation will depend on context though"
    https://x.com/CBCKatie/status/1173085469409546240
  184. "Conservative Leader Andrew Scheer says he will stand by candidates with racist, homophobic past comments as long as they apologize. https://t.co/CSLM18sKir #hw #cdnpoli #elxn43 https://t.co/7NwmocvjQr"
    https://x.com/CBCPolitics/status/1173195801457283074
  185. "Maxime Bernier invited to participate in official commission debates"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/maxime-bernier-debates-commission-election-1.5285162
  186. "Estimate of Turnout at Advance Polls Now Available"
    https://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=med&document=oct1519&dir=pre&lang=e
  187. elections.ca
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  188. CTV News
    https://web.archive.org/web/20210706202849/https://election.ctvnews.ca/elections-canada-reports-historic-turnout-among-international-voters-1.4645263
  189. The Hamilton Spectator
    https://www.thespec.com/opinion-story/9646796-editorial-liberals-are-the-best-if-imperfect-choice-this-election/
  190. Toronto Star
    https://www.thestar.com/opinion/editorials/2019/10/16/liberals-are-the-best-choice-for-canada.html
  191. thevarsity.ca
    https://thevarsity.ca/2019/10/19/the-varsity-endorses-a-liberal-minority-government-with-an-ndp-green-balance-of-power/
  192. Le Devoir
    https://www.ledevoir.com/opinion/editoriaux/565151/elections-2019-un-bloc-fort-dans-un-canada-liberal
  193. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/election-2019/np-view-canada-needs-a-conservative-government
  194. The Gazette
    https://montrealgazette.com/opinion/editorials/our-endorsement-best-choice-for-canada-is-andrew-scheer
  195. Ottawa Citizen
    https://ottawacitizen.com/opinion/editorials/our-endorsement-best-choice-for-canada-is-andrew-scheer/wcm/c7f0aced-1dd7-4b22-8b12-d947c049828e
  196. Toronto Sun
    https://torontosun.com/opinion/editorials/editorial-andrew-scheer-for-prime-minister
  197. The Globe and Mail
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/public-editor/article-no-endorsement-during-this-federal-election-campaign-was-a-good-thing/
  198. HuffPost
    https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/obama-trudeau-endorsement_ca_5da73ee9e4b02253a2fc47bf
  199. CityNews Edmonton
    https://edmonton.citynews.ca/2019/10/16/barack-obama-justin-trudeau-endorsement/
  200. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/election-2019/martin-luther-king-iii-says-he-would-vote-for-trudeau-despite-pipeline-and-blackface
  201. "N.B. premier asked if Quebec is the favourite child this election: 'That's not a new thing'"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/blaine-higgs-quebec-favourite-child-1.5326097
  202. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/edmonton/article/jason-kenney-mlas-encouraged-to-stump-for-scheer-on-own-time-and-dime/
  203. CTV News
    https://web.archive.org/web/20210706203042/https://election.ctvnews.ca/where-are-the-premiers-most-provincial-leaders-mum-on-federal-campaign-1.4599334
  204. The Star
    https://thestar.com/vancouver/2019/09/28/rupi-kaur-officially-endorses-federal-ndp-leader-jagmeet-singh.html
  205. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/federal-election-2025/
  206. "I'm proud to live in a country where @jagmeetsingh is running for Prime Minister"
    https://x.com/WabKinew/status/1186282478002233345
  207. "Premier Moe says he won't endorse anyone in federal election"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/saskatchewan/moe-federal-election-1.5282354?__vfz=medium%3Dsharebar
  208. "Pamela Anderson tours Vancouver Island hometown to campaign with Greens"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20200523165223/https://globalnews.ca/news/6023856/pamela-anderson-ladysmith-green-party/
  209. "Keep on rockin' for the good of the planet, @Neilyoung! #cdnpoli #elxn43 https://t.co/DnzkZV5gNS"
    https://x.com/CanadianGreens/status/1184134084395753473
  210. The Gazette
    https://montrealgazette.com/news/quebec/caq-mnas-not-allowed-to-take-sides-in-federal-election-quebec-premier
  211. Toronto Sun
    https://torontosun.com/news/local-news/warmington-hurricane-hazel-blows-off-trudeau
  212. Toronto Star
    https://thestar.com/news/gta/2019/10/17/john-tory-sees-shortcomings-in-andrew-scheers-policies-for-cities.html
  213. The Hamilton Spectator
    https://www.thespec.com/opinion-story/9630215-ontario-federation-of-labour-endorses-ndp-and-jagmeet-singh/
  214. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/article/conservatives-unveil-campaign-slogan-new-tv-ad-as-election-call-nears/
  215. La Presse
    https://www.lapresse.ca/actualites/politique/201908/23/01-5238464-le-parti-conservateur-devoile-son-slogan.php
  216. "NDP unveils campaign slogan as election call looms"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/ndp-slogan-election-1.5268075
  217. La Presse
    https://www.lapresse.ca/elections-federales/201910/15/01-5245496-le-npd-tourne-ses-attaques-vers-le-bloc.php
  218. National Newswatch
    https://www.nationalnewswatch.com/2019/08/26/federal-liberals-launch-choose-forward-as-election-campaign-slogan-3/#.XWQFb-hKiUk
  219. La Presse
    https://www.lapresse.ca/actualites/politique/201908/26/01-5238706-le-parti-liberal-devoile-son-slogan.php
  220. "" Le Québec, c'est nous " : le Bloc dévoile son slogan électoral | Élections Canada 2019"
    https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/1284296/bloc-quebecois-slogan-electoral-blanchet-campagne-2019
  221. Green Party of Canada
    https://www.greenparty.ca/en
  222. La Presse
    https://www.lapresse.ca/elections-federales/201909/20/01-5242100-le-parti-vert-ne-veut-pas-exploiter-le-petrole-des-sables-bitumineux.php
  223. "Liberals ask voters to 'choose forward' while Tories vow to help Canadians 'get ahead' in new campaign ads"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/liberal-tory-campaign-slogans-ad-1.5259889
  224. "RCMP looking at SNC-Lavalin affair 'carefully,' promise to take actions 'as required'"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/rcmp-snc-report-examining-carefully-1.5247119
  225. iPolitics
    https://ipolitics.ca/2019/04/02/jody-wilson-raybould-jane-philpott-removed-from-liberal-caucus/
  226. The Hamilton Spectator
    https://www.thespec.com/opinion-story/9565115-rosie-dimanno-liberals-should-be-ashamed-for-dredging-up-andrew-scheer-same-sex-marriage-speech/
  227. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/opinion/chris-selley-goodales-same-sex-marriage-gambit-is-staggeringly-arrogant-and-hypocritical
  228. Regina Leader-Post
    https://leaderpost.com/news/saskatchewan/i-too-have-evolved-goodale-wants-clarity-from-scheer-on-lgbtq-positions
  229. "Liberals dump Quebec candidate after B'nai Brith, Conservatives allege anti-Semitic comments Social Sharing"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/hassan-guillet-antisemitic-comments-1.5266486
  230. La Presse
    https://www.lapresse.ca/actualites/politique/201906/11/01-5229805-saint-leonard-un-ex-depute-liberal-outre-par-la-candidature-dun-non-italien.php
  231. The Gazette
    https://montrealgazette.com/news/local-news/montreal-city-councillor-replaces-former-imam-hassan-guillet-as-liberal-candidate
  232. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/montreal/article/hassan-guillet-to-run-as-an-independent-in-st-leonard/
  233. "Sameer Zuberi chosen as Liberal candidate for Pierrefonds-Dollard"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/sameer-zuberi-pierrefonds-dollard-1.5286997
  234. The Canadian Jewish News
    https://www.cjnews.com/news/canada/liberals-stand-by-montreal-candidate-accused-of-anti-semitic-past
  235. La Presse
    https://www.lapresse.ca/elections-federales/201909/18/01-5241812-des-invites-genants-pour-un-candidat-liberal.php
  236. LeXpresse
    https://www.journalexpress.ca/2019/09/25/william-morales-explique-sa-version-des-faits/
  237. Time
    https://time.com/5680759/justin-trudeau-brownface-photo/
  238. "Trudeau says he is 'deeply sorry' he appeared in brownface at school gala in 2001"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/trudeau-brownface-arabian-nights-1.5289165
  239. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/election-2019/fallout-from-trudeaus-brownface-photo-bombshell-sure-to-dominate-campaign
  240. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/5922861/justin-trudeau-brownface-video/
  241. CNN
    https://www.cnn.com/americas/live-news/justin-trudeau-brownface-september-2019/index.html
  242. "Trudeau: "I recognize it is something absolutely unacceptable to do. I appreciate calling it makeup, but it was blackface...and that is just not right.""
    https://x.com/HeatherCTV/status/1174757392589971457
  243. "'What I did hurt them': Trudeau apologizes to racialized Canadians over blackface scandal"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/liberal-trudeau-brownface-election-2019-1.5289421
  244. Maclean's
    https://www.macleans.ca/politics/ottawa/justin-trudeaus-face/
  245. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/opinion/matt-gurney-good-luck-trying-to-make-tory-candidates-look-bad-now-liberals
  246. "Reaction to Trudeau's blackface runs from 'This can't be real' to 'I didn't really care'"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/justin-trudeau-pictures-brownface-blackface-reaction-1.5290185
  247. How Trudeau's blackface incidents could play out in key battlegrounds
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ALgSQ8dhDK8
  248. "Why debates on racism play out differently in Quebec | The Weekly with Wendy Mesley"
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PSFUW_rwkr8
  249. "In Quebec, Trudeau's opponents and supporters shrug off blackface controversy"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/quebec-reaction-trudeau-brownface-1.5289508
  250. The Gazette
    https://montrealgazette.com/news/trudeaus-record-on-race-shouldnt-be-overlooked-community-groups-say
  251. The Washington Post
    https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2019/09/21/im-calgarys-muslim-mayor-we-can-learn-trudeaus-brownface-moment/
  252. Toronto Star
    https://www.thestar.com/opinion/contributors/2019/09/25/putting-trudeaus-past-vs-present-into-perspective.html
  253. "Singh says he'll talk with Trudeau only if it's in private and politics-free"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/singh-trudeau-meeting-blackface-1.5292001
  254. "Trudeau calls Singh to discuss blackface photos"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/singh-trudeau-blackface-photos-phone-call-1.5296226
  255. Abacus Data
    https://abacusdata.ca/a-sensational-week-yet-a-tight-race-remains/
  256. Maclean's
    https://www.macleans.ca/politics/ottawa/the-blackface-photos-jolted-voters-but-maybe-only-temporarily/
  257. "Calgary Liberal candidate apologizes for misleading leaflets attacking Conservative opponent"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/liberal-attacks-conservative-candidate-1.5297446
  258. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/pmn/news-pmn/canada-news-pmn/liberal-judy-sgro-sorry-for-insensitive-comments-about-trudeaus-blackface
  259. The Globe and Mail
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-liberal-candidate-judy-sgro-apologizes-for-insensitive-blackface-2/
  260. The Star
    https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2019/10/09/toronto-liberal-candidate-judy-sgro-apologizes-for-insensitive-comments-about-trudeaus-blackface.html
  261. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/6026732/trudeau-security-vest-rally-toronto-concern/
  262. CTV News
    https://web.archive.org/web/20191013153813/https://election.ctvnews.ca/trudeau-appeared-at-rally-in-bulletproof-vest-amid-security-concern-1.4636483
  263. "Trudeau wears bulletproof vest after security threat delays campaign rally"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/trudeau-wears-bulletproof-vest-after-security-threat-delays-campaign-rally-1.5319730
  264. "Trudeau vows campaign won't change course after threat forced him to wear bulletproof vest"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/trudeau-scheer-singh-security-threat-bulletproof-vest-1.5319859
  265. "These guys are RCMP ERT officers. They are *not* CF Rangers, although the logo on their shirts is similar"
    https://x.com/glen_mcgregor/status/1183476752514985989
  266. CTV News
    https://web.archive.org/web/20210706205550/https://election.ctvnews.ca/trudeau-says-security-threat-won-t-change-how-he-campaigns-1.4636812
  267. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/6030766/liberal-ndp-coalition-election/
  268. "Singh distances himself from coalition talk as campaign enters final week"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/trudeau-coalition-ndp-windsor-1.5320394
  269. HuffPost
    https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/ford-less-popular-than-wynne-poll_ca_5ce80fb2e4b0a2f9f28e6068
  270. City News
    https://toronto.citynews.ca/2019/09/19/provincial-leaders-poll-september-2019/
  271. "The 'Ford factor' and battleground Ontario"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/canada-votes-newsletter-issue20-ford-factor-battleground-ontario-election-1.5258303
  272. Toronto Star
    https://www.thestar.com/politics/provincial/2019/07/14/more-voters-say-fords-policies-will-deter-them-for-voting-for-scheer.html
  273. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/election-2019/exclusive-poll-reveals-doug-ford-factor-a-big-problem-for-scheers-conservatives-in-ontario
  274. Toronto Star
    https://www.thestar.com/politics/provincial/2019/06/08/federal-conservatives-worries-about-doug-fords-unpopularity-intensify.html
  275. toronto.citynews.ca
    https://toronto.citynews.ca/2019/08/02/andrew-scheer-doug-ford/
  276. "Andrew Scheer campaigns in vote-rich Ontario – without Doug Ford"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/andrew-scheer-doug-ford-ontario-1.5285199
  277. The Hamilton Spectator
    https://www.thespec.com/news-story/9502703-andrew-scheer-struggles-to-emerge-from-obscurity/
  278. Toronto Star
    https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2019/09/23/justin-trudeau-slams-doug-ford-as-he-lays-out-down-payment-for-pharmacare-and-better-health-services.html
  279. globalnews.ca
    https://globalnews.ca/news/5706948/justin-trudeau-links-doug-ford-andrew-scheer/
  280. CaledonEnterprise.com
    https://www.caledonenterprise.com/news-story/9302925-harzadan-khattra-out-as-dufferin-caledon-conservative-mp-candidate/
  281. Toronto Sun
    https://torontosun.com/opinion/columnists/goldstein-scheer-and-conservatives-running-scared
  282. North Bay Nugget
    https://www.nugget.ca/news/local-news/king-stripped-of-tory-nomination
  283. BayToday.ca
    https://www.baytoday.ca/local-news/rota-reacts-to-king-controversy-1597848
  284. "Winnipeg Conservative candidate steps down due to 'discriminatory' social media posts"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/conservative-candidate-winnipeg-north-ogilvie-1.5281797
  285. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/vancouver/article/conservatives-drop-burnaby-candidate-after-transphobic-comments/
  286. "Conservatives eject B.C. candidate over 'offensive' comments"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/heather-leung-campaign-media-strategy-1.5308429
  287. "The CPC has dumped its candidate in Burnaby-North Seymour, after video surfaced showing homophobic comments. The deadline for naming candidates has passed and so, her name will still be on the ballot. It's a riding that's very much up for grabs. #cdnpoli #elxn43 Statement: https://t.co/vuarGOHrdq"
    https://x.com/salimah_shivji/status/1180287006179504128
  288. "Leung's name and Conservative party affiliation will remain on the printed ballots because we're past the Elections Canada deadline to change, but if she were to win, she wouldn't sit in the party's caucus"
    https://x.com/glen_mcgregor/status/1180291418402758656
  289. "One point with this statement. Leung has made many controversial statements about LGBTQ people in the past. This would not have been the first the CPC would have heard about this. She was a known commodity when she was nominated"
    https://x.com/DavidWCochrane/status/1180286926621941760
  290. Toronto Star
    https://www.thestar.com/vancouver/2019/05/26/anti-abortion-anti-sogi-conservative-candidate-confirmed-for-riding-where-trans-mountain-pipeline-ends.html
  291. HuffPost
    https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/burnaby-north-seymour-svend-robinson-terry-beech_ca_5d8294cbe4b0957256b09ecb
  292. Burnaby Now
    https://www.burnabynow.com/news/burnaby-conservative-unreachable-after-months-of-interview-requests-1.23947965
  293. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/6019161/heather-leung-ex-conservative-candidate/
  294. DurhamRegion.com
    https://www.durhamregion.com/news-story/9494514-pickering-uxbridge-conservatives-split-over-federal-nomination/
  295. The Hill Times
    https://www.hilltimes.com/2019/03/25/disappointed-former-ontario-conservative-mp-chisu-leaves-party-will-run-as-a-peoples-party-candidate-in-the-upcoming-election/193688
  296. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/the-ontario-pcs-rejected-her-over-her-tweets-about-islam-but-ghada-melek-is-now-a-federal-conservative-candidate
  297. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/5721380/ghada-melek-conservative-candidate/
  298. bramptonguardian.com
    https://www.bramptonguardian.com/news-story/9595526-scheer-on-the-defensive-over-past-anti-lgbtq-posts-by-mississauga-and-brampton-conservative-candidates/
  299. ctvnews
    https://web.archive.org/web/20210706210041/https://election.ctvnews.ca/tory-candidate-scheer-defended-deemed-extremely-controversial-and-problematic-in-2016-vetting-report-1.4593683
  300. "I asked Scheer about this story by colleagues @glen_mcgregor and @rachaiello 👇🏼 – He stands by Ghada Malek – Says she has accepted responsibility – Doesn't see an issue with vetting procedures even though Ontario PCs red-flagged her https://t.co/jw43Kcm7go"
    https://x.com/omarsachedina/status/1173094932879265793
  301. Toronto Star
    https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2019/08/22/andrew-scheer-said-gay-couples-lack-inherent-quality-of-marriage-in-tape-of-2005-speech-unearthed-by-liberals.html
  302. "Scheer accuses Trudeau of whipping up divisive social issues to distract from scandals"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/andrew-scheer-social-controversy-conservative-1.5264360
  303. Toronto Star
    https://www.thestar.com/opinion/star-columnists/2019/08/31/on-the-subject-of-gay-marriage-why-cant-andrew-scheer-show-a-little-humanity.html
  304. The Hill Times
    https://www.hilltimes.com/2019/09/04/scheers-ambiguous-positioning-on-abortion-gay-rights-a-ripe-way-to-lose-red-tories-say-politicos/213397
  305. "Asked Scheer if he needs to apologize for comments in made in 2005 on same sex marriage, given the framework he's set out for candidates and their past controversial comments. He does not apologize"
    https://x.com/CBCKatie/status/1173299506064035847
  306. "Scheer says Trudeau is not living up to his own standard. Scheer twice sidesteps questions about whether he is sorry he compared same-sex marriage to a dog's tail. Actually, that is three times"
    https://x.com/althiaraj/status/1175025181116514304
  307. "Scheer is asked if he should apologize for his same sex marriage speech in 2005. He doesn't. Says the conversation today is about Trudeau. This is the second time specifically he's been asked if he wants to apologize during the campaign"
    https://x.com/CBCKatie/status/1174708641758359553
  308. HuffPost
    https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/andrew-scheer-pride-climate_ca_5d9208c8e4b0ac3cddac1a01
  309. HuffPost
    https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/alain-rayes-scheer-abortion_ca_5d646465e4b0641b2551c23d
  310. "Scheer tried to douse a debate on abortion, same-sex marriage—and muddied the waters even more"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/scheer-abortion-same-sex-marriage-lgbtq-gay-lesbian-1.5264601
  311. "Scheer faces backlash from national anti-abortion group over mixed messaging"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/conservatives-social-policy-raitt-abortion-1.5265837?__vfz=medium%3Dsharebar
  312. LaPresse
    https://www.lapresse.ca/actualites/politique/201908/30/01-5239314-avortement-andrew-scheer-sengage-a-voter-contre-tout-projet-de-loi.php
  313. CTV News
    https://web.archive.org/web/20210706210253/https://election.ctvnews.ca/scheer-says-he-is-personally-against-abortion-but-would-not-reopen-debate-1.4622797
  314. La Presse
    https://www.lapresse.ca/elections-federales/201910/03/01-5243903-andrew-scheer-je-suis-personnellement-pro-vie.php
  315. HuffPost
    https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/andrew-scheer-rachel-willson-abortion-rights_ca_5d7a6802e4b0fc7153436c14
  316. "Conservative candidate @rachelbwillson was asked several times if she would introduce abortion legislation. She wouldn't answer. She said she's focused on issues she's hearing about at the door & didn't list abortion as one of them. #yorkcentre #elxn43 #cdnpolipic.twitter.com/fxkvYcLASn"
    https://x.com/AbigailBimman/status/1172160496570699778
  317. Ottawa Citizen
    https://ottawacitizen.com/pmn/news-pmn/canada-news-pmn/leaders-link-up-with-their-political-families-for-day-3-of-federal-campaign/wcm/899931a3-e0bf-475a-811e-fe445fe63faa
  318. HuffPost
    https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/justina-mccaffrey-faith-goldy_ca_5d7cfbaee4b00d6905998f11?ncid=other_twitter_cooo9wqtham
  319. "We tried to ask Justina McCaffrey a question, but bolted in the middle of the event. She sped off in a car, refusing to answer reporter questions. We asked her if she would take a question. And the people around her said she has to go door knocking. We have it on tape"
    https://x.com/CBCKatie/status/1172922182772678657
  320. Federal Election 2019
    https://web.archive.org/web/20210706210232/https://election.ctvnews.ca/andrew-scheer-on-defensive-as-liberals-raise-questions-about-justina-mccaffrey-1.4593441
  321. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/5903589/liberals-andrew-scheer-candidate/
  322. The Hill Times
    https://www.hilltimes.com/2019/09/30/faith-goldy-flashed-hate-linked-hand-sign-in-2017-photo-with-tory-candidate-justina-mccaffrey/216821
  323. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/news/another-round-in-trudeau-drinks-case
  324. The Walrus
    https://thewalrus.ca/andrew-scheers-ties-to-rebel-media-are-now-impossible-to-deny/?gclid=CjwKCAjw8ZHsBRA6EiwA7hw_sQ_XyByi2uH1LLFK7Og0CGDEP0S7U0gW-ta0uAOjJhy1UXLTA3xDZhoCoH0QAvD_BwE
  325. La Presse
    https://www.lapresse.ca/elections-federales/201910/07/01-5244412-une-candidate-conservatrice-membre-de-lopus-dei.php
  326. The Globe and Mail
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-andrew-scheer-a-work-in-progress-where-the-conservative-leader-comes/
  327. "Liberals ask for an investigation of Scheer's insurance industry credentials"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/andrew-scheer-insurance-broker-accreditation-1.5302093
  328. "Andrew Scheer's experience in the insurance industry: '6 or 7 months'"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/scheer-insurance-broker-monday-1.5303394
  329. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/video/?clipId=1792338&cache=/
  330. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/5968537/scheer-insurance-broker-claim/
  331. The Star
    https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2019/10/01/andrew-scheer-completed-one-of-four-insurance-broker-courses-industry-association-says.html
  332. The Georgia Straight
    https://www.straight.com/news/1308486/saskatchewan-insurance-association-says-andrew-scheer-completed-one-course-pursuit
  333. The Globe and Mail
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-conservative-leader-andrew-scheer-holds-dual-canadian-us-citizenship/
  334. AP NEWS
    https://apnews.com/68225c658bda4eceab490dfa43b9223d
  335. The Star
    https://thestar.com/politics/federal/2019/10/03/conservative-leader-andrew-scheer-acknowledges-holding-us-citizenship.html
  336. CTV News
    https://web.archive.org/web/20210706210231/https://election.ctvnews.ca/scheer-on-his-dual-canadian-u-s-citizenship-i-ve-never-been-asked-about-it-1.4623024
  337. "Andrew Scheer is registered for selective service – the U.S. agency that runs the military draft"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/andrew-scheer-draft-us-selective-service-1.5309002
  338. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/5990192/andrew-scheer-us-draft/
  339. The Star
    https://thestar.com/halifax/2019/10/03/scheer-defends-silence-on-american-citizenship-during-halifax-stop-i-was-never-asked.html
  340. The Georgia Straight
    https://www.straight.com/news/1309851/andrew-scheers-dual-citizenship-would-not-be-issue-had-conservatives-not-been-so-self
  341. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/pmn/news-pmn/canada-news-pmn/trudeau-scheer-hope-new-promises-gloss-over-accusations-theyre-hypocrites
  342. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/election-2019/scheer-wont-explain-u-s-travel-as-a-citizen-without-a-valid-u-s-passport
  343. The Globe and Mail
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-cbc-and-rosemary-barton-take-conservatives-to-court-over-election-ads/
  344. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/election-2019/cbc-sues-the-conservative-party-over-copyright-journalists-moral-rights
  345. "CBC taking Conservative Party to court over online election ad"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/cbc-conservative-party-lawsuit-1.5319209
  346. "CBC has issued this statement about its legal filing"
    https://x.com/RosieBarton/status/1183042040256516097
  347. La Presse
    https://www.lapresse.ca/elections-federales/201910/14/01-5245343-scheer-accuse-trudeau-detre-desespere.php
  348. CTV News
    https://web.archive.org/web/20210706210225/https://election.ctvnews.ca/scheer-says-party-with-most-seats-should-have-right-to-form-government-1.4642331
  349. "Scheer says he expects the leader with most seats will form government"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/scheer-minority-government-1.5323901
  350. globalnews.ca
    https://globalnews.ca/news/6054421/experts-scheer-claims-forming-government/
  351. "Asked about saying party that gets the most seats should have "right" to govern, Scheer says that's the practice in "modern" times, again says he's looking for a majority mandate"
    https://x.com/glen_mcgregor/status/1184844088748789762
  352. "Scheer is asked about his 'party that gets the most seats comment'. Scheer stands by his comment, they in modern history, the party that wins the most seats forms government. (Not the case in New Brunswick, not the case in BC)"
    https://x.com/CBCkatie/status/1184843433363623938
  353. "Scheer says 'modern convention' means Trudeau must quit if he doesn't win the most seats"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/scheer-modern-canadian-convention-1.5324463
  354. "No, the party with the most seats doesn't always govern"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/scheer-trudeau-minority-government-2019-election-1.5324496
  355. The Globe and Mail
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-kinsella-firm-hired-to-seek-and-destroy-berniers-peoples-party/
  356. "Kinsella consulting firm worked to 'seek and destroy' Bernier's PPC party, documents say"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/project-cactus-maxime-bernier-1.5327555
  357. The Globe and Mail
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-scheer-wont-say-if-conservatives-hired-kinsella-firm-to-seek-and/
  358. "Bernier files complaint to elections watchdog over 'secret' campaign to smear his party"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/bernier-files-complaint-kinsella-campaign-1.5327748
  359. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/federal-election-2025/
  360. Toronto Star
    https://thestar.com/politics/federal/2019/10/19/scheer-refuses-to-deny-conservatives-hired-operative-to-dig-up-dirt-on-opponent.html
  361. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/5413069/ndp-part-ways-with-zaman/
  362. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/article/former-ndp-mp-pierre-nantel-joins-the-green-party/
  363. bc.ctvnews.ca
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/vancouver/article/ndp-candidate-dropped-over-social-media-spat-with-pro-pipeline-activists/
  364. montreal.ctvnews.ca
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/montreal/article/montreal-area-ndp-candidate-withdraws-over-domestic-violence-allegations/
  365. CBC Radio
    https://www.cbc.ca/radio/asithappens/as-it-happens-wednesday-edition-1.5270097/ndp-defector-says-he-warned-party-some-n-b-voters-are-uncomfortable-with-jagmeet-singh-1.5270101
  366. CTV News
    https://web.archive.org/web/20210706210252/https://election.ctvnews.ca/some-voters-question-whether-canada-is-ready-for-a-pm-with-a-turban-1.4598227
  367. "She didn't campaign and she didn't live in the riding, but riding the orange wave in 2011, she won and was re-elected in 2015—@RosieBarton talks to NDP MP Ruth Ellen Brosseau about running for her third mandate and the challenges her party faces in Quebec"
    https://x.com/CBCTheNational/status/1174346197764587522
  368. "5 things Jagmeet Singh wants you to know about his turban"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/singh-list-turban-questions-ndp-1.5284388
  369. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/5906436/jagmeet-singh-quebec-ndp-ad-bill21/
  370. La Presse
    https://www.lapresse.ca/actualites/politique/201908/30/01-5239347-le-plan-dattaque-des-partis.php
  371. "Jagmeet Singh: 'Cut your turban off,' voter tells NDP leader"
    https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-49901451
  372. "Jagmeet Singh challenges man who urged him to 'cut off' his turban"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/jagmeet-singh-ndp-montreal-turban-sikh-1.5305840
  373. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/singh-would-not-support-conservatives-if-ndp-holds-the-balance-of-power-after-fall-election-1.4561260?cache=
  374. Federal Election 2019
    https://web.archive.org/web/20210706210323/https://election.ctvnews.ca/despite-trudeau-doing-brownface-singh-hasn-t-ruled-out-working-with-liberals-in-minority-scenario-1.4604765
  375. "NDP Leader Jagmeet Singh begins to lay out minority scenario priorities"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/ndp-singh-priorities-minority-1.5315981
  376. City News
    https://edmonton.citynews.ca/2019/10/10/federal-leaders-light-day-campaign-french-debate/
  377. "Singh doesn't rule out supporting a pipeline-owning Liberal minority government"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/jagmeet-singh-minority-government-trans-mountain-1.5317466
  378. HuffPost
    https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/jagmeet-singh-coalition_ca_5da39506e4b02c9da04c8656
  379. CTV News
    https://web.archive.org/web/20210706210233/https://election.ctvnews.ca/singh-says-ndp-would-form-coalition-with-the-liberals-to-stop-tories-1.4637074
  380. The Globe and Mail
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-trudeau-wont-rule-out-coalition-if-no-party-wins-majority/
  381. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/federal-election-2025/
  382. CTV News
    https://web.archive.org/web/20210706210256/https://election.ctvnews.ca/coalition-isn-t-a-dirty-word-singh-1.4642681
  383. The Gazette
    https://montrealgazette.com/news/local-news/bloc-leader-says-he-can-tolerate-communists-but-not-racists-and-xenophobes
  384. L'ancien chef du Parti communiste sera finalement candidat pour le Bloc
    https://www.journaldemontreal.com/2019/08/16/le-chef-du-bloc-quebecois-lance-un-ultimatum-a-un-candidat-controverse-1
  385. The Star
    https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2019/10/03/bloc-qubcois-blasted-for-urging-voters-to-support-candidates-qui-vous-ressemblent.html
  386. HuffPost
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  387. The Globe and Mail
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-bloc-quebecois-angers-jagmeet-singh-by-urging-quebeckers-to-elect-mps/
  388. L’actualité
    https://lactualite.com/politique/jour-23-trudeau-et-scheer-prolongent-le-debat/
  389. Federal Leaders' Debate 2019
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1VRliFlrvfA&
  390. Le Journal de Montréal
    https://www.journaldemontreal.com/2019/10/10/des-candidats-du-bloc-embarrassants
  391. The Globe and Mail
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-bloc-says-up-to-quebeckers-to-judge-its-candidates-social-media-posts/
  392. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/6018298/bloc-quebecois-candidates-social-media-posts/
  393. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/montreal/article/bloc-leader-apologizes-for-inappropriate-social-media-posts-by-party-candidates/
  394. "Bloc leader apologizes for candidates' Islamophobic and racist social media posts"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/bloc-quebecois-islamophobic-social-1.5316460
  395. "Le Bloc québécois ne participera à aucune coalition | Élections Canada 2019"
    https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/1344201/bloc-quebecois-yves-francois-blanchet-gouvernement-minoritaire-coalition
  396. La Presse
    https://www.lapresse.ca/elections-federales/201910/13/01-5245263-bloc-blanchet-exclut-a-nouveau-toute-alliance.php
  397. ThePeterboroughExaminer.com
    https://www.thepeterboroughexaminer.com/news-story/9553924-former-green-party-candidate-says-he-didn-t-step-down-over-fraud-accusations/
  398. Toronto Star
    https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2019/08/16/green-candidate-forced-to-resign-after-criticizing-mosque-leader.html
  399. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/5893499/green-party-pig-carcass/
  400. CBC News
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/green-party-glengarry-prescott-russell-abortion-1.5311705
  401. "Green Party won't ban members from trying to reopen abortion debate, says May"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/powerandpolitics/green-party-elizabeth-may-abortion-debate-1.5273722
  402. The Globe and Mail
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-elizabeth-may-clarifies-position-on-abortion-says-green-party-screens/
  403. "'Of course I'm a sovereignist,' Green candidate says after Elizabeth May insists he's not"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/pierre-nantel-green-party-sovereigntist-1.5281661
  404. "If May wants to keep him as a candidate that's fine, but this reasoning is nonsensical and is frankly ridiculous. The sovereigntist movement's primary goal is to separate"
    https://x.com/RosieBarton/status/1172640795142307841
  405. "Sérieusement ???"
    https://x.com/ChantalHbert/status/1172800233782333441
  406. HuffPost
    https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/mike-layton-elizabeth-may-jack-name_ca_5d7fe760e4b00d69059d0c06
  407. "Green candidates say they don't remember past anti-abortion comments"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/green-party-anti-abortion-candidates-1.5277682
  408. "Chatham-Kent-Leamington Green party candidate clarifies position on abortion"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/windsor/chatham-kent-leamington-green-party-candidate-clarifies-abortion-position-1.5286220
  409. "Strongly worded posts by Regina Green candidate decried by Holocaust studies group"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/saskatchewan/dale-dewar-green-party-1.5282368
  410. "Four Green nominees in Quebec made Islamophobic comments, party says"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/four-green-candidates-islamophobic-comments-1.5321883
  411. HuffPost
    https://web.archive.org/web/20191022064755/https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/green-party-quebec-islamophobic_ca_5da64d95e4b002e33e7698cf
  412. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/election-2019/green-party-used-photoshop-to-add-reusable-cup-and-metal-straw-to-photo-of-elizabeth-may
  413. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/sep/25/canadas-green-party-alters-photo-of-leader-elizabeth-may-using-single-use-cup
  414. CNN
    https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/26/world/elizabeth-may-cup-intl-hnk-scli/index.html
  415. "Elizabeth May : engagée contre l'urgence climatique"
    https://ici.radio-canada.ca/tele/tout-le-monde-en-parle/site/segments/entrevue/135889/guy-lepage-dany-turcotte-elizabeth-may-parti-vert-canada-politique-environnement
  416. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/article/may-greens-wont-support-any-minority-government-given-current-climate-plans/
  417. "Greens wouldn't support a minority government that moves to build the Trans Mountain pipeline"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/may-minority-pipeline-support-1.5297700
  418. La Presse
    https://www.lapresse.ca/elections-federales/201910/17/01-5245807-discuter-de-coalition-est-premature-dit-elizabeth-may.php
  419. CTV News
    https://web.archive.org/web/20210706210335/https://election.ctvnews.ca/green-leader-elizabeth-may-calls-talk-of-a-coalition-government-premature-1.4643369
  420. La Presse
    https://www.lapresse.ca/actualites/politique/politique-canadienne/201902/13/01-5214679-un-conseiller-de-maxime-bernier-defend-ses-ecrits-polemiques.php
  421. La Presse
    https://www.lapresse.ca/debats/editoriaux/alexandre-sirois/201902/14/01-5214814-les-liaisons-dangereuses-de-bernier.php
  422. TheStar
    https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2019/02/08/maxime-berniers-alt-right-problem.html
  423. "Le langage codé des politiciens et militants pour s'adresser à la marge"
    https://ici.radio-canada.ca/premiere/emissions/medium-large/segments/entrevue/110037/dog-whistle-langage-code-politiciens-marge-castonguay-langlois
  424. "People's Party of Canada slammed for racist tweet from Burlington account"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/hamilton/people-s-party-bernier-burlington-tweet-racism-1.5163501
  425. "People's Party Leader @MaximeBernier says he wants to repeal the multiculturalism act, saying he takes issue with "extreme multiculturalism." #ctvqp #cdnpoli #elxn43pic.twitter.com/bOYPY0HGWD"
    https://x.com/ctvqp/status/1173255570729656320
  426. The Star
    https://www.thestar.com/edmonton/2019/07/09/maxime-bernier-criticized-for-posing-with-members-of-northern-guard-at-calgary-stampede.html
  427. "Maxime Bernier photographed with members of alleged hate group in Calgary"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/maxime-bernier-northern-guard-1.5205881
  428. HuffPost
    https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/maxime-bernier-paul-fromm_ca_5d41dcb7e4b0d24cde09ffb6
  429. PressProgress
    https://pressprogress.ca/three-times-maxime-bernier-was-caught-in-photos-with-farright-extremists/
  430. The Hamilton Spectator
    https://www.thespec.com/news-story/9530933-people-s-party-leader-maxime-bernier-pictured-with-hamilton-white-nationalist-paul-fromm/
  431. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/5929770/former-neo-nazi-pegida-canada-official-among-peoples-party-of-canada-signatories/
  432. Le Journal de Montréal
    https://www.journaldemontreal.com/2019/09/23/trois-membres-connus-de-lextreme-droite-ont-endosse-la-creation-du-parti-de-maxime-bernier
  433. Canadaland
    https://www.canadalandshow.com/maxime-bernier-should-have-known-a-neo-nazi-was-working-for-his-party/
  434. Radio Canada
    https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/1279961/politique-parti-populaire-organisateur-neonazi
  435. Le Devoir
    https://www.ledevoir.com/politique/canada/563242/maxime-bernier-accuse-de-fomenter-la-haine-aux-debats
  436. Regina Leader-Post
    https://leaderpost.com/news/saskatchewan/bernier-defends-sask-candidate-who-urged-more-hate-speech
  437. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/5846043/maxime-bernier-greta-thunberg-mentally-unstable/
  438. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/5857679/maxime-bernier-greta-thunberg-mentally-unstable-brave/
  439. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/news/maxime-bernier-has-one-election-regret-but-says-hes-definitely-running-again
  440. "People's Party candidate Steven Fletcher accused of taking voter data from Conservatives"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/steven-fletcher-electinon-data-1.5287147
  441. "People's Party candidate in Beauséjour faces criticism for 'racist' comments"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/nancy-mercier-beausejour-people-s-party-immigration-racist-1.5288289
  442. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/6016116/sybil-hogg-islam-tweets/
  443. "People's Party won't take action against N.S. candidate who called Islam 'pure evil'"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/peoples-party-nova-scotia-hogg-bernier-islam-social-media-posts-1.5315943
  444. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/video/6025126/absolutely-yes-bernier-confirms-nova-scotia-ppc-candidates-tweets-were-racist/
  445. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/5866264/ken-pereira-drops-out-from-peoples-party-of-canada/
  446. CityNews Edmonton
    https://edmonton.citynews.ca/2019/09/12/ppc-racism-candidate/
  447. iPolitics
    https://ipolitics.ca/2019/09/30/ppc-candidate-quits-says-partys-divisive-and-berniers-using-dark-and-dangerous-tactics/
  448. Winnipeg Free Press
    https://www.winnipegfreepress.com/special/federal-election/son-of-asian-immigrants-ends-candidacy-for-racist-intolerant-party-562561712.html
  449. La Presse
    https://www.lapresse.ca/elections-federales/201910/09/01-5244767-un-autre-candidat-du-parti-populaire-claque-la-porte.php
  450. BBC News
    https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-49400492
  451. "Environmental groups warned that saying climate change is real could be seen as partisan"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/environment-groups-warned-climate-change-real-partisan-1.5251763
  452. "Environmental groups can still talk climate change during election, says Canada's chief electoral officer"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/climate-elections-canada-perrault-1.5253580
  453. "Third party buys billboard to promote Bernier's immigration stance"
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-third-party-buys-billboard-to-promote-maxime-berniers-anti-mass/
  454. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/opinion/colby-cosh-how-a-leftist-mob-handed-mad-max-a-pre-election-gift
  455. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/5814496/maxime-bernier-billboard-woes/
  456. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/article/billboard-company-appalled-no-one-taking-ownership-of-bernier-ads/
  457. "Manning Centre a primary backer for series of anti-Liberal Facebook pages"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/manning-centre-proud-1.5307111
  458. National Observer
    https://www.nationalobserver.com/2019/10/17/analysis/andrew-scheer-big-oils-secret-weapon
  459. Maclean's
    https://www.macleans.ca/politics/ottawa/the-excessively-violent-election-ad-paid-for-by-the-manning-centre/
  460. The Globe and Mail
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-manning-centre-wont-disclose-source-of-donations-to-third-parties-for/
  461. National Observer
    https://www.nationalobserver.com/2019/10/17/analysis/explainer-rise-canadas-right-wing-meme-pages
  462. La Presse
    https://www.lapresse.ca/elections-federales/201910/17/01-5245805-le-groupe-de-pression-quebec-fier-vise-par-une-plainte-electorale.php
  463. The Globe and Mail
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/alberta/article-former-chief-electoral-officer-calls-for-next-federal-government-to/
  464. "How do the main parties compare on these issues?"
    https://newsinteractives.cbc.ca/elections/federal/2019/party-platforms/
  465. cdnvotequiz.com
    http://cdnvotequiz.com/2019federalquiz.html
  466. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190131183716/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/ending_corporate_welfare
  467. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20191104123122/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/public_finance_balancing_the_budget_in_two_years_and_cutting_taxes
  468. "To get Trans Mountain built, Andrew Scheer says he would invoke constitutional powers, ban foreign funds"
    https://globalnews.ca/news/4482140/andrew-scheer-trans-mountain-plan/
  469. Maclean's
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  470. People's Party of Canada
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  471. People's Party of Canada
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  472. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/4787265/federal-budget-balance-2040/
  473. "'I don't have a firm line on balanced budgets': Jagmeet Singh – National"
    https://globalnews.ca/news/3919534/jagmeet-singh-balanced-budgets-ndp/
  474. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190131183738/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/balanced_budgets
  475. BNN
    https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/2019-federal-election-platform-tracker-where-the-major-parties-stand-so-far-1.1308714
  476. Green Party of Canada
    https://www.greenparty.ca/en/get-involved/proportional-representation
  477. Green Party of Canada
    https://www.greenparty.ca/en/vote-16
  478. Canada's NDP
    https://www.ndp.ca/news/ndp-statement-electoral-reform-british-columbia
  479. Edmonton Sun
    https://edmontonsun.com/opinion/columnists/gunter-scheers-trans-mountain-plan-makes-sense
  480. "Alberta's oil price gap 'directly related to Justin Trudeau's policies,' says Scheer"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/tasker-scheer-justin-trudeau-policies-alberta-1.4930286
  481. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/tories-call-liberals-new-environmental-assessment-overhaul-a-death-knell-for-natural-resource-projects
  482. "– elizabethmaymp.ca – December 27, 2018"
    http://elizabethmaymp.ca/tag/pipeline/
  483. "Trudeau committed to building Trans Mountain despite new legal challenges"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/tasker-trans-mountain-trudeau-1.4806361
  484. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/3094856/northern-gateway-pipeline-line-3-approval-announcement/
  485. Toronto Star
    https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2017/06/17/jagmeet-singh-comes-out-against-kinder-morgan-pipeline-in-climate-change-plan.html
  486. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20200505145746/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/global_warming_and_environment_rejecting_alarmism_and_focusing_on_concrete_improvements
  487. TheGunBlog.ca
    https://thegunblog.ca/2017/05/27/andrew-scheer-on-guns-recap-of-new-conservative-leaders-policy/
  488. TheGunBlog.ca
    https://thegunblog.ca/2018/09/19/scheer-pledges-to-repeal-bill-c-71-rejects-handgun-ban/
  489. "Andrew Scheer pushes lifetime firearms ban for criminals, calls Liberal policies 'lazy'"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/andrew-scheer-pushes-lifetime-firearms-ban-for-criminals-calls-liberal-policies-lazy-1.4913638
  490. Tri-City News
    https://www.tricitynews.com/news/green-party-calls-for-canada-wide-ban-on-semi-automatic-rifles-handguns-1.23915618
  491. "Liberals promise to prohibit semi-automatic assault rifles, allow cities to ban handguns"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/liberal-gun-control-trudeau-2019-1.5290950
  492. The Globe and Mail
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-ndps-singh-urges-feds-to-immediately-allow-cities-to-ban-handguns/
  493. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20191023095225/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/firearms_respecting_legal_firearms_owners_and_targeting_criminals
  494. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/4728762/canada-immigration-policies-un-migration-pact-scheer/
  495. "Scheer says Tories will recognize Jerusalem as Israel's capital if elected"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/scheer-jerusalem-trump-israel-1.4552646
  496. "Conservative delegates defeat anti-abortion resolution, endorse moving Canadian Embassy to Jerusalem"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/tasker-conservative-policy-convention-1.4798918
  497. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20191023095238/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/foreign_policy_focusing_on_the_security_and_prosperity_of_canadians
  498. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190416081616/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/release_unleashing_canada
  499. CP24
    https://www.cp24.com/news/singh-takes-aim-at-netflix-wants-pharmacare-and-dental-care-1.3808223
  500. "4.9 Ending the war on drugs"
    https://www.greenparty.ca/en/policy/vision-green/people/drugs
  501. "Jagmeet Singh says carding is a form of systemic racism, should be banned"
    https://globalnews.ca/news/4125726/jagmeet-singh-carding/
  502. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/4278239/illegal-border-crossers-scheer-trudeau-letter/
  503. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/article/canada-to-increase-annual-immigration-admissions-to-350000-by-2021/
  504. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190131183840/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/an_immigration_policy_to_fulfill_canada_s_economic_needs_article
  505. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20200721225311/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/immigration_reducing_overall_levels_and_prioritizing_skilled_immigrants
  506. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20191023095229/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/canadian_identity_ending_official_multiculturalism_and_preserving_canadian_values_and_culture
  507. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20200320060626/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/indigenous_issues_a_new_relationship_based_on_mutual_respect
  508. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20201024202623/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/veterans_standing_behind_the_men_and_women_who_sacrificed_for_our_country
  509. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/6057623/bloc-quebec-sovereign-blanchet/
  510. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20191023095231/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/internal_trade_getting_rid_of_interprovincial_trade_barriers
  511. "Andrew Scheer says he will not appoint independent senators if elected prime minister"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/andrew-scheer-interview-barton-1.4182567
  512. "Trudeau names four new senators — including a failed Liberal candidate"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/trudeau-names-four-more-senators-1.4942729
  513. "Abolishing the Senate would see Canadians better represented, NDP leader says"
    https://globalnews.ca/news/6033197/abolishing-senate-canadians-better-represented-ndp-leader-says/
  514. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/andrew-scheer-explains-his-positions-on-sir-john-a-macdonald-campus-free-speech-abortion-porn-and-more
  515. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20191023095230/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/freedom_of_expression_protecting_canadians_from_censorship_and_discrimination
  516. Investment Executive
    https://www.investmentexecutive.com/news/industry-news/conservatives-would-repeal-passive-income-rules-for-small-businesses/
  517. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20191023121623/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/economy_encouraging_investment_and_productivity_growth
  518. CTV News
    https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/article/scheer-says-his-climate-plan-will-meet-paris-targets-without-a-carbon-tax/
  519. HuffPost
    https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2018/01/16/elizabeth-may-liberal-carbon-tax-plan-a-failure-of-leadership_a_23334792/
  520. Financial Post
    https://business.financialpost.com/opinion/and-heres-your-very-small-carbon-bill-canada
  521. "Prime Minister Trudeau is no climate leader. With wildfires raging across North America, we're seeing the real effects of climate change today, and on future generations.My thoughts on today's #carbontax news"
    https://x.com/theJagmeetSingh/status/1024759025433436161
  522. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190131183639/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/carbon_pricing_is_not_a_market_based_solution
  523. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190131183659/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/release_unleashing_canada
  524. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190131183719/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/release_responsible_plan_for_income_tax_cuts
  525. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20191023095226/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/health_care_giving_provinces_the_incentives_to_deal_with_wait_times_and_rising_costs
  526. "Andrew Scheer calls for ban on import of oil from Saudi Arabia | Watch News Videos Online"
    https://globalnews.ca/video/4586547/andrew-scheer-calls-for-ban-on-import-of-gas-from-saudi-arabia
  527. The Globe and Mail
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/article-trudeau-intends-to-work-toward-free-trade-deal-with-china-despite/
  528. People's Party of Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20191023095205/https://www.peoplespartyofcanada.ca/supply_management_making_dairy_poultry_and_eggs_more_affordable
  529. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/5899144/reality-check-scheer-immigration-refugee-queue-jumping/
  530. Global News
    https://globalnews.ca/news/3278168/reality-check-are-asylum-seekers-queue-jumping-and-other-key-questions/
  531. "Conservatives forced to delete tweet alleging Trudeau under RCMP investigation"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/tories-delete-rcmp-tweet-1.5287471?cmp=rss
  532. Global News
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  534. "False online rumour claims RCMP chief is married to Bill Morneau's cousin"
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  536. Logically
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  538. National Observer
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  543. CTV News
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  544. The Globe and Mail
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  545. TVA Nouvelles
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  546. CTV News
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  547. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
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  558. CBC News
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  559. HuffPost
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  560. The Star
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  564. CBC News
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  565. Maclean's
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  566. Elections Canada | Official Voting Results, Forty-Third General Election
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  567. CBC News
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  570. iPolitics
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  571. CBC News
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  572. National Post
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  573. The Georgia Straight
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  575. "2019 Canadian Election Study – Canadian Election Study"
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  576. "Elizabeth May steps down as Green Party leader"
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  578. "Defeated parties ask for recounts in 3 narrowly-won ridings"
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  579. "Courts order election recounts in Quebec, B.C. ridings"
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  580. "Third federal election recount to proceed in Quebec City riding"
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  582. iPolitics
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  583. Times Colonist
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  584. CTV News Montreal
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  585. CTV News Montreal
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  586. Global News
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  587. HuffPost
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  588. The Conversation
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  589. Winnipeg Free Press
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  603. CTV News
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  613. "Trudeau: China playing 'aggressive games' with Canadian democracy"
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  619. "Deregistration of The United Party of Canada"
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  620. "Deregistration of Stop Climate Change"
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  621. Student Vote Canada
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  622. "Student Vote Canada 2019 — Results"
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