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2011 Canadian federal election

Updated: Wikipedia source

2011 Canadian federal election

The 2011 Canadian federal election was held on May 2, 2011, to elect members to the House of Commons of Canada of the 41st Canadian Parliament. The writs of election for the 2011 election were issued by Governor General David Johnston on March 26. Prime Minister Stephen Harper advised the Governor General to dissolve parliament after the House of Commons passed a motion of non-confidence against the government, finding it to be in contempt of Parliament. A few days before, the three opposition parties had rejected the minority government's proposed budget. The Conservative Party remained in power, increasing its seat count from a minority to a majority government, marking the first election since 1988 that a right-of-centre party formed a majority government. The Liberal Party, sometimes dubbed the "natural governing party", was reduced to third party status for the first time as they won the fewest seats in its history, and party leader Michael Ignatieff was defeated in his riding. The Bloc Québécois lost official party status for the first time since contesting general elections in 1993. Party leader Gilles Duceppe was defeated in his riding and subsequently resigned as leader. The New Democratic Party led by Jack Layton won the largest number of seats in its history, enabling it to form the Official Opposition for the first time in the party's history, as they made a major breakthrough in Quebec. The Green Party elected its first member to the House of Commons with its leader, Elizabeth May, becoming MP for Saanich—Gulf Islands. To date, this is the only election in Canadian history in which the modern day Conservative Party won a majority of seats and one of only two times that any party achieved a majority of seats in an election since the modern Conservative Party's founding in 2003 (the other time being the Liberal Party in the 2015 election).

Infobox

Turnout
61 % ( 2 pp)
Leader
Gilles Duceppe
Party
Bloc Québécois
Leader since
March 15, 1997
Leader's seat
Laurier—Sainte-Marie (lost re-election)
Last election
49 seats, 9 %
Seats before
47
Seats won
4
Seat change
43
Popular vote
889,788
Percentage
6 %
Swing
3 pp

Tables

· Timeline
March 26, 2011
March 26, 2011
March 25, 2011
March 26, 2011
The Liberal Party's no-confidence motion passes the House 156–145, and the Prime Minister moves for the House to adjourn.
Governor General David Johnston agrees to dissolve the 40th Parliament following a meeting with Prime Minister Stephen Harper.
April 12, 2011
April 12, 2011
March 25, 2011
April 12, 2011
The Liberal Party's no-confidence motion passes the House 156–145, and the Prime Minister moves for the House to adjourn.
English leaders' debate.
April 13, 2011
April 13, 2011
March 25, 2011
April 13, 2011
The Liberal Party's no-confidence motion passes the House 156–145, and the Prime Minister moves for the House to adjourn.
French leaders' debate.
April 22, 23 and 25, 2011
April 22, 23 and 25, 2011
March 25, 2011
April 22, 23 and 25, 2011
The Liberal Party's no-confidence motion passes the House 156–145, and the Prime Minister moves for the House to adjourn.
Advance polls open
May 2, 2011
May 2, 2011
March 25, 2011
May 2, 2011
The Liberal Party's no-confidence motion passes the House 156–145, and the Prime Minister moves for the House to adjourn.
Polling Day
May 23, 2011
May 23, 2011
March 25, 2011
May 23, 2011
The Liberal Party's no-confidence motion passes the House 156–145, and the Prime Minister moves for the House to adjourn.
Return of Writs
June 2, 2011
June 2, 2011
March 25, 2011
June 2, 2011
The Liberal Party's no-confidence motion passes the House 156–145, and the Prime Minister moves for the House to adjourn.
41st Parliament convenes
March 25, 2011
The Liberal Party's no-confidence motion passes the House 156–145, and the Prime Minister moves for the House to adjourn.
March 26, 2011
Governor General David Johnston agrees to dissolve the 40th Parliament following a meeting with Prime Minister Stephen Harper.
April 12, 2011
English leaders' debate.
April 13, 2011
French leaders' debate.
April 22, 23 and 25, 2011
Advance polls open
May 2, 2011
Polling Day
May 23, 2011
Return of Writs
June 2, 2011
41st Parliament convenes
· Issues
Crime and law enforcement
Crime and law enforcement
Category
Crime and law enforcement
Issue
Internet surveillance and warrant-less wiretapping
Details
The Conservatives promised to re-introduce Internet surveillance legislation that they were not able to pass, and bundle it with the rest of their crime bills. They said they plan to fast track the legislation within 100 days after taking office.
Long gun registry
Long gun registry
Category
Long gun registry
Issue
Harper pledged to scrap the long-gun registry.
Crime strategies
Crime strategies
Category
Crime strategies
Issue
The Conservative platform included a promise to consolidate twelve crime bills into at least one omnibus bill and pass it within 100 days of forming a majority government. The bills included within that list would crack down on organized drug crime, end house arrest for violent criminals and establish tougher sentences and mandatory jail time for s
Defence policy
Defence policy
Category
Defence policy
Issue
The Conservatives plan to purchase 65 F-35 Lightning II jet fighters. Stating that "Our defence policy is broken", the NDP announced that they would prioritize investment in naval ships over new fighter jets. The NDP stated that this would be a good opportunity to keep shipbuilding expertise and jobs in Canada.
Economy and fiscal policy
Economy and fiscal policy
Category
Economy and fiscal policy
Issue
Balanced budget and recession
Details
Conservatives argued that they steered the economy through the 2008 financial crisis, and promised to eliminate the budget deficit by 2014–15. Former Prime Minister Paul Martin, campaigning for the Liberals, challenged assertions, noting that his Liberal government left a $13 billion budget surplus, before the Conservatives took power. In 2010, P
Corporate tax cuts and job creation strategy
Corporate tax cuts and job creation strategy
Category
Corporate tax cuts and job creation strategy
Issue
The Conservatives stated that their plan to cut corporate taxes from 16 % to 15%, will create more jobs. Harper stated that an increase in corporate taxes will create job losses across Canada. Layton countered by saying currently the jobs are shipped overseas, and pledged a $4,500 job creation tax credit to all businesses per new hire. Layton furt
Increasing Canada Pension Plan
Increasing Canada Pension Plan
Category
Increasing Canada Pension Plan
Issue
The NDP promised a gradual doubling of Canada Pension Plan and QPP benefits, in conjunction with the provinces, with an increase in payroll deductions of as much as 2 per cent.
HST referendum in BC
HST referendum in BC
Category
HST referendum in BC
Issue
If BC voters were to reject the Harmonized Sales Tax in the upcoming referendum, the NDP promised to ensure that the penalties to be imposed by Ottawa on the HST agreement will be cancelled.
Personal taxation
Personal taxation
Category
Personal taxation
Issue
Conservatives promised income splitting for tax purposes for families with children to be implemented once the budget is balanced in 2013.
Electoral reform and political honesty
Electoral reform and political honesty
Category
Electoral reform and political honesty
Issue
Political honesty
Details
The New Democratic Party stated that both the Conservatives and the Liberals cannot be trusted. The NDP accused the Conservatives of creating "Liberal-style scandals" and accused the Liberals of flip-flopping on issues such as corporate tax cuts, and the Afghanistan mission. Throughout the election various polls had shown the political honesty issu
Political financing
Political financing
Category
Political financing
Issue
Conservatives pledged to phase-out per-vote subsidy over two years, with its eventual cancellation.
Senate
Senate
Category
Senate
Issue
Stephen Harper promised Senate reform without changing the constitution. The NDP pledged to abolish the Senate, stating it is a waste of tax revenues and a form of patronage.
Promised government programs
Promised government programs
Category
Promised government programs
Issue
Newfoundland hydroelectric project and Quebec's HST
Details
Conservatives, New Democrats and Liberals promised $4 billion in loan guarantees to support the Lower Churchill River power project. Due to outcry from Quebec over the pledge to provide loan guarantees for the Lower Churchill project, the Conservatives promise Quebec a $2 billion transfer to ease the Quebec Sales Tax to Harmonized Sales Tax tra
Post-secondary education
Post-secondary education
Category
Post-secondary education
Issue
Liberals promised a "Learning Passport" for high school students seeking post-secondary education. The NDP's plan is to reduce the tuition fees, by increasing transfer payments to the Provinces.
Immigration Fairness Commissioner
Immigration Fairness Commissioner
Category
Immigration Fairness Commissioner
Issue
Liberals proposed the establishment of an "Immigration Fairness Commissioner" to provide oversight on the entry of immigrants with professional qualifications (doctors, engineers, etc.), and to increase the number of family reunification visas.
Health care
Health care
Category
Health care
Issue
The NDP pledged to train 1,200 more doctors and 6,000 more nurses. All parties promised to continue to increase healthcare transfers to provinces by 6% annually.
Government regulations
Government regulations
Category
Government regulations
Issue
Improved internet and usage based billing
Details
The New Democratic Party (NDP) promised a ban on all forms of usage based billing by ISPs, and enshrine net neutrality in law, which would prevent bandwidth throttling. The Liberals promised net neutrality as well as "functional separation" with regards to usage based billing as well as enshrining net neutrality in law, which would prevent bandwidt
Cap on credit card interest rates
Cap on credit card interest rates
Category
Cap on credit card interest rates
Issue
The NDP promised to cap credit card rates at five percentage points above the Bank of Canada's prime interest rate.
Category
Issue
Details
Crime and law enforcement
Internet surveillance and warrant-less wiretapping
The Conservatives promised to re-introduce Internet surveillance legislation that they were not able to pass, and bundle it with the rest of their crime bills. They said they plan to fast track the legislation within 100 days after taking office.
Long gun registry
Harper pledged to scrap the long-gun registry.
Crime strategies
The Conservative platform included a promise to consolidate twelve crime bills into at least one omnibus bill and pass it within 100 days of forming a majority government. The bills included within that list would crack down on organized drug crime, end house arrest for violent criminals and establish tougher sentences and mandatory jail time for s
Defence policy
The Conservatives plan to purchase 65 F-35 Lightning II jet fighters. Stating that "Our defence policy is broken", the NDP announced that they would prioritize investment in naval ships over new fighter jets. The NDP stated that this would be a good opportunity to keep shipbuilding expertise and jobs in Canada.
Economy and fiscal policy
Balanced budget and recession
Conservatives argued that they steered the economy through the 2008 financial crisis, and promised to eliminate the budget deficit by 2014–15. Former Prime Minister Paul Martin, campaigning for the Liberals, challenged assertions, noting that his Liberal government left a $13 billion budget surplus, before the Conservatives took power. In 2010, P
Corporate tax cuts and job creation strategy
The Conservatives stated that their plan to cut corporate taxes from 16 % to 15%, will create more jobs. Harper stated that an increase in corporate taxes will create job losses across Canada. Layton countered by saying currently the jobs are shipped overseas, and pledged a $4,500 job creation tax credit to all businesses per new hire. Layton furt
Increasing Canada Pension Plan
The NDP promised a gradual doubling of Canada Pension Plan and QPP benefits, in conjunction with the provinces, with an increase in payroll deductions of as much as 2 per cent.
HST referendum in BC
If BC voters were to reject the Harmonized Sales Tax in the upcoming referendum, the NDP promised to ensure that the penalties to be imposed by Ottawa on the HST agreement will be cancelled.
Personal taxation
Conservatives promised income splitting for tax purposes for families with children to be implemented once the budget is balanced in 2013.
Electoral reform and political honesty
Political honesty
The New Democratic Party stated that both the Conservatives and the Liberals cannot be trusted. The NDP accused the Conservatives of creating "Liberal-style scandals" and accused the Liberals of flip-flopping on issues such as corporate tax cuts, and the Afghanistan mission. Throughout the election various polls had shown the political honesty issu
Political financing
Conservatives pledged to phase-out per-vote subsidy over two years, with its eventual cancellation.
Senate
Stephen Harper promised Senate reform without changing the constitution. The NDP pledged to abolish the Senate, stating it is a waste of tax revenues and a form of patronage.
Promised government programs
Newfoundland hydroelectric project and Quebec's HST
Conservatives, New Democrats and Liberals promised $4 billion in loan guarantees to support the Lower Churchill River power project. Due to outcry from Quebec over the pledge to provide loan guarantees for the Lower Churchill project, the Conservatives promise Quebec a $2 billion transfer to ease the Quebec Sales Tax to Harmonized Sales Tax tra
Post-secondary education
Liberals promised a "Learning Passport" for high school students seeking post-secondary education. The NDP's plan is to reduce the tuition fees, by increasing transfer payments to the Provinces.
Immigration Fairness Commissioner
Liberals proposed the establishment of an "Immigration Fairness Commissioner" to provide oversight on the entry of immigrants with professional qualifications (doctors, engineers, etc.), and to increase the number of family reunification visas.
Health care
The NDP pledged to train 1,200 more doctors and 6,000 more nurses. All parties promised to continue to increase healthcare transfers to provinces by 6% annually.
Government regulations
Improved internet and usage based billing
The New Democratic Party (NDP) promised a ban on all forms of usage based billing by ISPs, and enshrine net neutrality in law, which would prevent bandwidth throttling. The Liberals promised net neutrality as well as "functional separation" with regards to usage based billing as well as enshrining net neutrality in law, which would prevent bandwidt
Cap on credit card interest rates
The NDP promised to cap credit card rates at five percentage points above the Bank of Canada's prime interest rate.
Spending limits for the 2011 federal election · Election spending
Political Parties
Political Parties
Col 1
Political Parties
Spending Limit
$21,025,793
Notes
If full slate of 308 candidates.
Party Candidates (Average electoral district)
Party Candidates (Average electoral district)
Col 1
Party Candidates (Average electoral district)
Spending Limit
$28,244,498 ($91,702 )
Notes
If full slate of 308 candidates. Each electoral district is subject to specific spending limits according to population and density. The limits for candidates varied from $69,635 in the electoral district of Malpeque, Prince Edward Island, to $134,352 in Oak Ridges–Markham, Ontario.
Third Parties (corporations, unions, special interest groups, etc.)
Third Parties (corporations, unions, special interest groups, etc.)
Col 1
Third Parties (corporations, unions, special interest groups, etc.)
Spending Limit
$150,000
Notes
Election advertising expenses limit. Of that amount, no more than $3,000 can be incurred to promote or oppose the election of one or more candidates in a particular electoral district.
Spending Limit
Notes
Political Parties
$21,025,793
If full slate of 308 candidates.
Party Candidates (Average electoral district)
$28,244,498 ($91,702 )
If full slate of 308 candidates. Each electoral district is subject to specific spending limits according to population and density. The limits for candidates varied from $69,635 in the electoral district of Malpeque, Prince Edward Island, to $134,352 in Oak Ridges–Markham, Ontario.
Third Parties (corporations, unions, special interest groups, etc.)
$150,000
Election advertising expenses limit. Of that amount, no more than $3,000 can be incurred to promote or oppose the election of one or more candidates in a particular electoral district.
Election spending during the 2011 federal election · Election spending
Conservative
Conservative
Party
Conservative
Total Spending (% of limit)
$39,175,131 (80%)
Party Election Spending (% of limit)
$19,519,995 (93%)
Total Candidate Spending (% of limit)
$19,655,136 (70%)
# Candidates Spending > 75% of Candidate Limit
173
# Candidates Spending > 50% of Candidate Limit
228
NDP
NDP
Party
NDP
Total Spending (% of limit)
$27,490,193 (56%)
Party Election Spending (% of limit)
$20,372,231 (97%)
Total Candidate Spending (% of limit)
$7,117,962 (25%)
# Candidates Spending > 75% of Candidate Limit
44
# Candidates Spending > 50% of Candidate Limit
70
Liberal
Liberal
Party
Liberal
Total Spending (% of limit)
$34,025,109 (69%)
Party Election Spending (% of limit)
$19,507,746 (93%)
Total Candidate Spending (% of limit)
$14,517,363 (41%)
# Candidates Spending > 75% of Candidate Limit
91
# Candidates Spending > 50% of Candidate Limit
169
Party
Total Spending (% of limit)
Party Election Spending (% of limit)
Total Candidate Spending (% of limit)
# Candidates Spending > 75% of Candidate Limit
# Candidates Spending > 50% of Candidate Limit
Conservative
$39,175,131 (80%)
$19,519,995 (93%)
$19,655,136 (70%)
173
228
NDP
$27,490,193 (56%)
$20,372,231 (97%)
$7,117,962 (25%)
44
70
Liberal
$34,025,109 (69%)
$19,507,746 (93%)
$14,517,363 (41%)
91
169
Summary of the May 2, 2011 House of Commons of Canada election results · Results
2008
2008
Party
2008
Party
Dissol.
Party leader
2011
Candidates
% Change
Seats
% seats
Seats
#
Seats
# Change
Seats
%
Seats
pp Change
Total
Total
Party
Total
Party
1,587
Party leader
308
Candidates
308
Seats
308
Seats
±0 %
Seats
100 %
Seats
14,723,980
Seats
+886,286
Popular vote
100%
Source: Elections Canada
Source: Elections Canada
Party
Source: Elections Canada
Party
Party leader
Candidates
Seats
Popular vote
2008
Dissol.
2011
% Change
% seats
#
# Change
%
pp Change
Conservative
Stephen Harper
307
143
143
166
+16 %
53 %
5,835,270
+626,201
39 %
New Democratic
Jack Layton
308
37
36
103
+178 %
33 %
4,512,411
+1,997,123
30 %
Liberal
Michael Ignatieff
3081
77
77
34
−42 %
11 %
2,783,076
−850,109
18 %
Bloc Québécois
Gilles Duceppe
75
49
47
4
−91 %
1 %
891,425
−488,566
6 %
Green
Elizabeth May
304
1
n/a
0 %
572,095
−365,518
3 %
Independent and No Affiliation
61
2
2
−100%
72,861
−21,983
0 %
−0
Christian Heritage
James Hnatiuk
46
18,910
−7,565
0 %
Marxist–Leninist
Anna Di Carlo
70
9,925
+1,360
0 %
Libertarian
Dennis Young
23
6,002
−1,298
0 %
Progressive Canadian
Sinclair Stevens
9
5,790
−70
0 %
Rhinoceros2
François Gourd
14
3,800
+1,678
0 %
Pirate
Mikkel Paulson
10
3,197
0 %
Communist
Miguel Figueroa
20
2,894
−678
0 %
Canadian Action
Christopher Porter
12
1,951
−1,504
0 %
Marijuana
Blair Longley
5
1,756
−542
0 %
Animal Alliance
Liz White
7
1,344
+817
0 %
Western Block
Doug Christie
4
751
+326
0 %
United
Brian Jedan
3
293
0 %
First Peoples National
Will Morin
1
229
−1,382
0 %
Vacant
3
Total
1,587
308
308
308
±0 %
100 %
14,723,980
+886,286
100%
Source: Elections Canada

References

  1. The only NDP candidates elected in Quebec before 2011 were Thomas Mulcair and Phil Edmonston, the latter in a 1990 by-el
  2. The previous lowest seat total for the Liberals was 40 in the 1984 election.
  3. "The untold story of the 2011 election: Chapter 2"
    https://www.macleans.ca/2011/05/05/not-feeling-the-love/
  4. Reuters Canada
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190813185821/https://ca.reuters.com/article/domesticNews/idCATRE58T4BE20091001
  5. "Despite Election Rhetoric, Seven in Ten (68%) Canadians Say There's 'No Need for an Election', Majority (51%) Says County Heading in 'Right Direction', Minority (41%) 'Wrong', Ipsos"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20111215065705/http://ipsos-na.com/news-polls/pressrelease.aspx?id=4420
  6. The Star
    https://www.thestar.com/opinion/editorials/article/696242
  7. National Post
    https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/story.html?id=2221709
  8. Canada Elections Act
    https://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=abo&dir=com/stat&document=index&lang=e
  9. "PM shrugs off charges against Tories"
    https://lfpress.com/news/canada/2011/02/24/17401196.html
  10. The Globe and Mail
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/tory-election-allegations-illegal-not-administrative-prosecutor-says/article1924161/
  11. "Bloc threatens to vote against budget"
    https://www.macleans.ca/2011/01/12/bloc-threatens-to-vote-against-budget/
  12. CBC News
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/pm-on-rulings-win-some-lose-some-1.1033320
  13. "MPs' report finds government in contempt"
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/mps-report-finds-government-in-contempt-1.1091382
  14. "Question of Privilege Relating to the Failure of the Government To Fully Provide the Documents as Ordered by the House: Report of the Standing Committee on Procedure and House Affairs"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160125170006/http://www.parl.gc.ca/HousePublications/Publication.aspx?DocId=5047570&Language=&Mode=1&Parl=40&Ses=3
  15. The Canadian Press
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190822083926/https://globalnews.ca/
  16. 40th Parliament, 3rd Session, Friday, March 25, 2011
    http://www.parl.gc.ca/HousePublications/Publication.aspx?Language=E&Mode=1&Parl=40&Ses=3&DocId=5072532#SOBQ-3827544
  17. "Harper government topples on contempt motion, triggering May election"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20110727124820/http://winnipeg.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20110325/wpg_election_110325/20110325/?hub=WinnipegHome
  18. Toronto Star
    https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/politics/article/962022--walkom-yes-contempt-of-parliament-does-matter
  19. Gardner, Dan
    https://ottawacitizen.com/news/decision-canada/Gardner+going+reward+contempt+Parliament/4564215/story.html
  20. CBC News
    https://web.archive.org/web/20110412015840/http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/inside-politics-blog/2011/04/here-for-canada-except-in-quebec.html
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